Applied nursing research : ANR
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Ameliorating adults' acute pain during phlebotomy with a distraction intervention.
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a distraction intervention on subjects' perceptions of pain. During phlebotomy, 96 adults received either usual care or used a kaleidoscope as a distraction. ⋯ Statistical analyses revealed significantly lower perceptions of experienced pain among subjects using the kaleidoscope and concurrent validity for using the FACES Pain Scale with adults. Because the distraction intervention is effective, inexpensive, and easy to implement, its routine use during phlebotomy is recommended.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effects of intraoperative progress reports on anxiety levels of surgical patients' family members.
A three-group quasi-experimental posttest-only design was used to examine the effectiveness of intraoperative progress reports by comparing family members' state-anxiety score, mean arterial pressure level (MAP), and heart rate during elective surgical procedures. Control-group family members (n = 50) received usual care. ⋯ Family members in the experimental group reported lower state-anxiety scores (p < .001) and had significantly lower MAP levels (p < .001) and heart rates (p < .01) compared with the control and attention groups. Progress reports appear to be a beneficial independent nursing intervention for reducing anxiety in family members during the intraoperative waiting period.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The effect of massage on pain in cancer patients.
Evaluating the effectiveness of nursing interventions in decreasing pain is a top priority for clinical research. Unfortunately, most of the research on cancer pain relief has been limited to treatment studies involving the administration of analgesics. Research is needed to determine which nonanalgesic methods of pain control are effective and under what conditions. ⋯ For females, there was not a significant decrease in pain level immediately after the massage. There were no significant differences between pain 1 hour and 2 hours after the massage in comparison with the initial pain for males or females. Massage was shown to be an effective short-term nursing intervention for pain in males in this sample.