Head & neck
-
Tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis is highly effective in providing speech after total laryngectomy. Although it is a safe method, tracheoesophageal fistulas occasionally need to be closed, usually at the request of the patient, because of leakage through an enlarging fistula. We present our technique for closure of tracheoesophageal fistula. ⋯ This method of closure is simple and effective for those patients who require permanent closure of the tracheoesophageal fistula.
-
The nasogastric tube syndrome is a potentially life-threatening complication of an indwelling nasogastric (NG) tube. The syndrome is thought to result from ulceration and infection of the posterior cricoid region with subsequent dysfunction of vocal cord abduction. This dysfunction may present as complete loss of vocal cord abduction manifested as serious airway compromise. Reports of this syndrome are infrequent, with only 29 cases published to date. ⋯ Although the fully manifested syndrome presents quite dramatically, we suspect that a clinical spectrum of severity exists with less severe cases going unrecognized. Consistent with previous reports, we found that direct visualization of the postcricoid region is required to rule out the diagnosis and recommend such action be taken whenever the diagnosis is suspected. Treatment should include establishment of a safe airway, removal of the tube whenever possible, antibiotic therapy, and antireflux therapy.
-
Head and neck cancer and its treatment can have important psychosocial implications, and many patients become depressed. The aim of this prospective study is to examine whether pretreatment variables can be used to predict depression 6 and 12 months later. ⋯ It is concluded that screening for psychosocial variables and physical symptoms before treatment can be used to determine which patients are at risk of developing depressive symptoms after treatment.
-
Comparative Study
Positive surgical margins in neck dissection specimens in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and the effect of radiotherapy.
To evaluate the outcome after surgery and radiotherapy for extensive nodal disease in patients with primary head and neck cancer. ⋯ The overall outcome after neck dissection with positive surgical margins is poor. Considerable improvement is achieved by postoperative radiotherapy treatment with dosages of 62.5 Gy or more.
-
Comparative Study
Papillary squamous cell carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract: a clinicopathologic and molecular study.
The limited studies and the small number of published cases of papillary squamous cell carcinoma have precluded accurate assessment of the biologic characteristics of this lesion. ⋯ Papillary squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract is a distinct variant of squamous cell carcinoma. As such and because of its putative association with HPV, papillary squamous cell carcinoma could be an informative model for defining how viral oncogenes cooperate with other factors in genomic instability, carcinogenesis, and tumor development.