Journal of internal medicine
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Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a peptide derived from differential processing of the precursor for the hormone glucagon. It is secreted predominantly by endocrine cells in the gut epithelium in response to nutrient stimulation. Studies from the last 35 years have given us an idea about its physiological functions. ⋯ In this review, I first discuss whether the processing of proglucagon may also result in GLP-1 formation in the pancreas and in glucagon in the gut. Next, I discuss the relationship between the physiological actions of GLP-1 and the therapeutic effects of the GLP-1 receptor agonists, which are far from being congruent and generally poorly understood. These relationships illustrate both the difficulties and the benefits of bridging results obtained in the laboratory with those emerging from the clinic.
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Giant cell arteritis (GCA) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) are systemic inflammatory diseases that primarily affect elderly women. ⋯ The risk of thromboembolic events differs between GCA, PMR, and overlapping diseases. Our findings may help predict the risk of thromboembolic events based on disease phenotype.