Annals of medicine
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Review
Impact of dietary ingredients on radioprotection and radiosensitization: a comprehensive review.
Radiation exposure poses significant health risks, particularly in radiotherapy and nuclear accidents. Certain dietary ingredients offer potential radioprotection and radiosensitization. In this review, we explore the impact of dietary ingredients, including vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and other bioactive compounds, on radiation sensitivity and their potential for radioprotection. ⋯ Conversely, natural dietary radiosensitizers impede these pathways by enhancing DNA damage and inducing apoptosis in irradiated tumor cells. Understanding the molecular basis of these effects may aid in the development of effective strategies for radioprotection and radiosensitization in cancer treatment. Dietary interventions have the potential to enhance the efficacy of radiation therapy and minimize the side effects associated with radiation exposure.
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The tumor burden within the axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) constitutes a pivotal factor in breast cancer, serving as the primary determinant for treatment decisions and exhibiting a close correlation with prognosis. ⋯ The developed radiomics models exhibited a significant level of predictive performance. The Boruta_XGB radiomics model outperformed other radiomics models in this study.
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Review Meta Analysis
Tenecteplase versus alteplase for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Tenecteplase, a modified variant of alteplase with greater fibrin specificity and longer plasma half-life, may have better efficacy and safety than alteplase in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We aimed to compare the benefits and risks of tenecteplase versus alteplase in the treatment of AIS. ⋯ Among AIS patients, there was no significant difference on clinical outcomes between tenecteplase and alteplase. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that 0.25 mg/kg doses of tenecteplase were more beneficial than 0.4 mg/kg doses of tenecteplase. Further studies are required to identify the optimal dosage of tenecteplase.
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The lung is an important site of extramedullary platelet formation, and megakaryocytes in the lung participate in immune responses in addition to platelet production. In acute lung injury and chronic lung injury, megakaryocytes and platelets play a promoting or protective role through different mechanisms. The authors reviewed the role of megakaryocytes and platelets in common clinical lung injuries with different course of disease and different pathogenic factors in order to provide new thinking for the diagnosis and treatment of lung injuries.
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Review Meta Analysis
Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in patients with vitiligo: an analysis of current evidence.
The relationship between vitiligo and cardiovascular diseases remains controversial. This study aimed to systematically review the evidence comparing cardiovascular disease risk factors between patients with vitiligo and controls and to perform a meta-analysis of the results. ⋯ This study summarized not only the factors associated with, but also those not associated with, cardiovascular disease in patients with vitiligo. This study provides a foundation for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease in patients with vitiligo.