Annals of medicine
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Multicenter Study
Relationship between platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and early rebleeding after endoscopic variceal ligation: a bicenter retrospective study.
Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) is the primary treatment for esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). Postoperative rebleeding is a complication of EVL, contributing to over 20% of bleeding-related deaths. This study aims to examine the association between platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and rebleeding within 6 weeks after EVL in patients with LC. ⋯ Our results have the potential to aid in the identification of high-risk patients for early rebleeding after EVL, thereby enabling improved clinical management and outcomes for these individuals.
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a significant global medical challenge. Formononetin, an isoflavone derived from Astragalus membranaceus, has been shown to have various regulatory effects on HCC. However, the exact molecular mechanism by which formononetin acts against HCC is still unclear. ⋯ Formononetin demonstrates dose-dependent regulatory effects on multiple targets, biological processes and signalling pathways in HCC. The compound can mitigate HCC by enhancing PI3K/AKT-mediated apoptosis of tumour cells.
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Consumption of diets from sustainable sources is required for planetary health, however, large sections of the population, including females of reproductive age and children, will be at risk of not meeting their micronutrient (MN) requirements in a complete transition to plant-based foods. Constrained diet optimization methods use mathematical programming to construct diets that meet predefined parameters and may contribute towards modelling dietary solutions that meet nutritional and planetary targets. ⋯ Dietary modelling using diet optimization can be useful in the design of more sustainable diets that meet MN requirements, however, translation of outcomes into dietary intervention studies is required to test real-world application and adoption into dietary guidelines.
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Multicenter Study
Predicting BRCA mutation and stratifying targeted therapy response using multimodal learning: a multicenter study.
The status of BRCA1/2 genes plays a crucial role in the treatment decision-making process for multiple cancer types. However, due to high costs and limited resources, a demand for BRCA1/2 genetic testing among patients is currently unmet. Notably, not all patients with BRCA1/2 mutations achieve favorable outcomes with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi), indicating the necessity for risk stratification. In this study, we aimed to develop and validate a multimodal model for predicting BRCA1/2 gene status and prognosis with PARPi treatment. ⋯ The MIAM-C model accurately detected BRCA1/2 gene status and effectively stratified prognosis for patients with BRCA1/2 mutations.
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Multicenter Study
Real-world status, efficacy and prognosis analysis of first-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in patients treated at multiple centres.
To present the real-world status and explore the predictors of the efficacy and prognosis of first-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). ⋯ TI was the most commonly first-line systemic therapy for uHCC patients, with better efficacy and outcomes when combined with locoregional therapy in a certain population. Baseline serum SOD and VEGF-A were found to be potential predictive biomarkers for decision-making, treatment response, and outcome in patients with uHCC in the primary care setting.