Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Double-blind placebo-controlled trial of the effect of omalizumab on basophils in chronic urticaria patients.
Omalizumab has been shown to be effective in treating chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). The reduction in FcεRI receptor density on the surface of basophils and mast cells is thought to play a major role in its effectiveness. We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to investigate the mode of action of omalizumab in patients with antihistamine-resistant CSU. ⋯ We demonstrated a rapid reduction of FcεRI receptor density on basophils following treatment with omalizumab. Because CU-BAT using well-characterized, omalizumab-naïve donor basophils did not change during the treatment phase, autoreactive serum factors seem to remain unaltered. This points towards a cellular effect of omalizumab on basophils. To predict the omalizumab response time and to monitor disease, FcεRI density and CU-BAT might be promising cellular-based assays.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Conjunctival provocation test in diagnosis of peanut allergy in children.
Peanut allergy frequently causes severe allergic reactions. Diagnosis includes detection of IgE to peanuts in serum or by skin prick tests. While children may have allergic sensitization without having clinical peanut allergy, oral peanut challenge is often required for accurate diagnosis. The conjunctival provocation test is used for diagnosis and evaluation of treatment effect in inhalant allergies, but it has not been evaluated as a tool for diagnosing peanut allergy. ⋯ Conjunctival allergen challenge appears to be feasible, accurate and safe in diagnosing children referred for suspected peanut allergy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of QGE031 (ligelizumab), a novel high-affinity anti-IgE antibody, in atopic subjects.
Using a monoclonal antibody with greater affinity for IgE than omalizumab, we examined whether more complete suppression of IgE provided greater pharmacodynamic effects, including suppression of skin prick responses to allergen. ⋯ These first clinical data for QGE031, a high-affinity IgG1κ anti-IgE, demonstrate that increased suppression of free IgE compared with omalizumab translated to superior pharmacodynamic effects in atopic subjects, including those with high IgE levels. QGE031 may therefore benefit patients unable to receive, or suboptimally treated with, omalizumab.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The effects of the novel SHIP1 activator AQX-1125 on allergen-induced responses in mild-to-moderate asthma.
SH2-containing inositol-5'-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) is an endogenous inhibitor of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase pathway that is involved in the activation and chemotaxis of inflammatory cells. AQX-1125 is a first-in-class, oral SHIP1 activator with a novel anti-inflammatory mode of action. ⋯ AQX-1125, a novel oral SHIP1 activator, significantly reduces the late response to allergen challenge, with a trend to reduce airway inflammation. AQX-1125 was safe and well tolerated and merits further investigation in inflammatory disorders.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Setipiprant, a selective CRTH2 antagonist, reduces allergen-induced airway responses in allergic asthmatics.
CRTH2 is a G-protein-coupled receptor on T helper2 cells that mediates pro-inflammatory effects of prostaglandin D2 in allergic responses. ⋯ Setipiprant at multiple oral doses was well tolerated and reduced both the allergen-induced LAR and the associated AHR in allergic asthmatics. Our findings confirm that CRTH2 may be a promising target for the treatment of allergic disorders.