Urology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of local anesthesia techniques during transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies.
To compare the effectiveness of periprostatic nerve blockade versus intrarectal lidocaine during transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies. ⋯ Our data confirm that both techniques of local anesthesia are effective in reducing patient discomfort; however, periprostatic nerve blockade using injectable lidocaine appears to be more specific in reducing pain during the biopsy portion of the procedure.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Bicalutamide (Casodex) 150 mg as immediate therapy in patients with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer significantly reduces the risk of disease progression.
To investigate the efficacy and tolerability of bicalutamide (Casodex) as immediate therapy, either alone or as adjuvant to treatment of curative intent, in patients with localized or locally advanced (T1b-T4, any nodal status, M0) prostate cancer. ⋯ Bicalutamide 150 mg daily as immediate therapy, alone or as adjuvant to treatment of curative intent, significantly reduced the risk of disease progression in patients with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer. Longer follow-up is underway to assess any benefit in overall survival.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of the efficacy and safety of finasteride in older versus younger men with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
To compare the efficacy and safety of finasteride 5 mg in older (65 years old or older) versus younger (45 to younger than 65 years old) men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). ⋯ The present analysis from PLESS demonstrates that in both older (65 years old or older) and younger men with symptomatic BPH and enlarged prostates, finasteride is highly effective in improving symptoms and reducing prostate volume in many men and in reducing the risk of acute urinary retention and BPH-related surgery. In addition, the safety profile of finasteride in both older and younger men is similar and no drug interactions of clinical importance were observed.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effects of irrigation fluid temperature on core body temperature during transurethral resection of the prostate.
To determine the effect irrigation fluid temperature has on core body temperature changes in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). ⋯ The results of our study suggest that irrigation fluid temperature is not a factor responsible for altering the core body temperature in patients undergoing TURP.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Chemoprevention trials in men with prostate-specific antigen failure or at high risk for recurrence after radical prostatectomy: Application to efficacy assessment of soy protein.
This article discusses the basic elements of chemoprevention trial designs using cohorts of men following radical prostatectomy who either have prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure indicative of recurrence or are at high risk for recurrence (positive surgical margins, extracapsular extension, seminal vesicle invasion, positive lymph nodes, Gleason score of greater than or equal to 8, preoperative serum PSA less than 20 ng/mL). Two ongoing randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials with soy protein as intervention in these 2 populations are described. ⋯ In the trial with men with PSA failure (PSA 0.1 to 2.0 ng/mL), participants received treatment for 8 months and the primary endpoint is rise in PSA over time. The strengths and limitations of these designs are discussed and interim experience using studies with soy protein as the intervention agent are summarized.