Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
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J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad · Apr 2007
Cost effectiveness of screening of all newly recruited employees for diabetes at a tertiary care hospital.
Diabetes Mellitus is a disease which remains asymptomatic for long duration of time and usually diagnosed either when gets complicated or by routine or opportunistic screening. The practice of universal screening is not recommended, particularly in constraint resources. However, we embarked with a study to assess the yield of recommended screening for Type 2 diabetes in all the newly recruited employees at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi. ⋯ In this study, screening of all individuals for diabetes had a very low yield. Recommendation of universal screening for diabetes does not represent a good use of resources and perhaps not cost-effective. However, periodic screening of high risk individuals should be warranted.
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J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad · Oct 2006
Evaluation of aetiology and efficacy of management protocol of epistaxis.
Epistaxis is one of the commonest medical emergencies. It affects all age groups and both sexes. The cause may be local or systemic but in majority it is spontaneous and idiopathic. Trauma is considered to be a major aetiological factor. Various treatment protocols are utilized to control epistaxis derpending upon the type, severity and cause of bleeding. ⋯ It may be concluded from this study that epistaxis is the most common ENT emergency, affecting all age groups. It has a bimodal age presentation and affects males twice more than females. Anterior bleeding is more common than posterior bleeding. Epistaxis may be controlled with chemical/electro-cautery if the bleeding point is visible. In case of failure to localize or access a bleeding point or profuse bleeding, anterior nasal packing can effectively control majority of epistaxis. Foley's catheter is a good option that can be used for posterior nasal packing. Gelfoam may be used for controlling epistaxis in cases of bleeding disorders, when there is mucosal ooze.
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Phalangeal fractures are approximately 10% of all the fractures of skeletal system. Most fractures are functionally stable. Surgical treatment is necessary when fracture is displaced and reduction is not possible. This study was conducted in order to study the aetiology, features and management of the phalangeal fractures of hand. ⋯ Results of both the closed reduction and open reduction and internal fixation were equally good (p < 0.05). If there is any soft tissue injury, it is advisable to use open reduction and internal fixation technique.
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Homicide is one ofthe oldest crimes in human civilization. For every person who dies as a result of homicide, many more are injured. A study of the patterns of homicide in a society is one of the first steps in developing strategies to prevent it. This study was conducted at the department of Forensic Medicine Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, to know the patterns of homicide, taking it as the first step in the prevention of this crime. ⋯ The homicide rate is alarmingly high in Peshawar as is the use of firearms. This is something that should be seriously looked at by the policy makers.