Topics in magnetic resonance imaging : TMRI
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Movements of the eye are produced by six extraocular muscles innervated by three cranial nerves: the oculomotor (III), the trochlear (IV), and the abducens (VI). These cranial nerves are discussed together because of the interrelated nuclear origins, neural pathways, and motor functions. The normal anatomic pathway of these three nerves is presented. The clinical and pathologic manifestations of lesions producing both isolated and complex palsies of these nerves are discussed along with imaging correlation.
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Top Magn Reson Imaging · Jan 1995
ReviewThe use of MR contrast in nonneoplastic disease of the brain.
The clinical utility of intravenous contrast administration in nonneoplastic disease of the brain is well established. Although primarily providing improved diagnostic specificity, contrast use can also improve lesion detection. Applications are discussed in infection, vascular disorders, diseases of white matter, and trauma. ⋯ Basic research suggests efficacy for high dose in disease states with partial or early blood-brain barrier disruption. Gadolinium chelates play as important a role in the evaluation of nonneoplastic disease of the brain as do iodinated agents in computed tomography. Contrast administration facilitates time-efficient and cost-effective diagnosis.
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has proven to be an ideal examination for evaluating a variety of soft tissue lesions in the extracranial head and neck. In this article we will describe the MRI characteristics of a variety of the soft tissue lesions found in the neck. Pathophysiology, clinical presentation, treatment, and prognosis are also discussed.
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The manifestations of infectious disease of the spine are numerous. Viruses commonly affect the spinal cord and meninges, while tuberculosis and various bacterial and fungal organisms may involve the vertebrae, intervertebral disks, epidural and paraspinal regions, the leptomeninges, and, rarely, the cord itself. Magnetic resonance imaging, with its multiplanar capability and superb contrast resolution, is definitely the modality of choice in evaluating the patient with suspected infection of the spinal column or spinal cord and its coverings. The addition of postcontrast images is often helpful in the differential diagnosis.
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Top Magn Reson Imaging · Jan 1993
ReviewNeuroradiologic evaluation of pediatric craniocerebral trauma.
Although cranial computed tomography (CT) remains the initial diagnostic test in the evaluation and triage of the pediatric head-injury patient, magnetic resonance imagining (MRI) has become the next step in the diagnostic evaluation of those with focal or diffuse neurologic deficits. MRI is better able to demonstrate the extent and location of both hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic injury, thereby providing prognostic information. In nonaccidental head injury, MRI has proved valuable in detecting subtle subacute contusions and even not so subtle chronic subdural hematomas that may be difficult to see on CT or that can mimic enlargement of the subarachnoid space on CT.