Current opinion in pediatrics
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Child maltreatment remains a prevalent problem for which notable best practices such as home visitation can be effective; however, most eligible families do not receive these beneficial services. Additionally, there are other promising prevention interventions to effectively address child maltreatment. This review focuses on the recent advances and strategies for child maltreatment prevention. ⋯ Effective child maltreatment prevention efforts exist; however, not all programs provide the same effectiveness, or target the same maltreatment issues. Pediatricians are in a key position to offer support to families in their own practice, as well as to direct families to the appropriate resources available.
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Curr. Opin. Pediatr. · Aug 2010
Editorial Case ReportsYouth development and strength-based adolescent preventive care.
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Severely injured children have a decreased incidence and different pattern of multiple organ failure when compared with adults. This article reviews recent advances in understanding the mechanisms leading to this discrepancy. ⋯ The inflammatory response to injury in children is functionally and mechanistically unique, as suggested by age-related differences in the incidence and pattern of systemic inflammation and multiple organ failure after major trauma. We review the current clinical and basic science literature related to postinjury inflammation in childhood, focusing on the developmental biology of innate immunity and the implications of a maturing immune system for trauma-related interventions and outcomes.
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Curr. Opin. Pediatr. · Jun 2010
ReviewCommunity-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) skin infections.
Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has become increasingly important as a cause of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), particularly abscesses, in patients seen in the emergency department setting. The antibiotic sensitivity profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from SSTIs has changed over time in many geographic locations. Whether antibiotics are needed in the management of skin abscesses, and, if so, when, is controversial. ⋯ CA-MRSA has become an important cause of SSTIs. Current data suggest that most abscesses can be treated successfully with incision and drainage alone. Antibiotic choice is more crucial for management of cellulitis and should be guided by the prevalence of CA-MRSA in the community and its antibiotic susceptibility profile.
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Curr. Opin. Pediatr. · Jun 2010
ReviewThe impact of race and ethnicity on care in the pediatric emergency department.
To review healthcare disparities encountered by pediatric patients in the emergency department. The discussion focuses on recent research that is relevant to the field of pediatric emergency medicine. ⋯ Recent research demonstrates that healthcare disparities exist in several areas affecting the delivery of quality pediatric emergency care. These disparities are shaped by a complex interaction of social, cultural, behavioral, educational, and financial factors. More research is needed to increase the body of knowledge as to why disparities exist. The success of this future research may require an interdisciplinary approach incorporating experts from multiple scientific fields.