European journal of internal medicine
-
Eur. J. Intern. Med. · Mar 2022
ReviewDrug-induced liver injury: Pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical features, and practical management.
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is an important but rare adverse event which can range from mild liver enzyme elevations to liver failure, transplantation or death. A large proportion of commonly used medications, in addition to herbal and dietary supplements, can cause liver injury. DILI has been categorized as direct or idiosyncratic but indirect liver injury has emerged as a third type of drug-induced liver injury. ⋯ Biochemical profiles vary between agents and although individual drugs tend to portray a consistent clinicopathologic signature, many drugs have multiple signatures. Thanks to multicenter prospective studies on DILI and websites in the public domain such as LiverTox, physicians are provided with tools to investigate suspected DILI cases to increase the likelihood of establishing adiagnosis. The pathogenesis of DILI, epidemiology and current challenges in the diagnosis and management of the disease are reviewed in the paper.
-
Eur. J. Intern. Med. · Mar 2022
Observational StudyThe Birmingham and Black Country cohort of Venous Thromboembolism (BBC-VTE) registry: Rationale, design and preliminary results.
The Birmingham Black Country Venous Thromboembolism registry (BBC-VTE) is a multi-ethnic cohort of patients who suffered a first episode of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and were admitted to various hospital sites across the West Midlands and Black Country regions in the United Kingdom. The BBC-VTE registry is a retrospective, observational cohort study which aims to collect data on outcomes including mortality, bleeding and VTE recurrence in this patient cohort. In addition, the comprehensive, structured data collected will allow us to conduct machine learning analyses for risk prediction in such patients and also to compare to previously derived mortality scores such as the PESI and the simplified PESI (sPESI). ⋯ Around 7% of patients went on to develop a bleeding episode and 36% died (all-cause mortality). Of the deaths, 10% of patients died within 30-days of admission (30-day mortality), with 16% dying within 90 days. In summary, this study investigates real-world outcomes of patients after the first index VTE event and attempts to bridge the gap in evidence for contemporary data in this population which will allow to construct more accurate risk prediction tools and management decisions.
-
Eur. J. Intern. Med. · Mar 2022
Phenotyping congestion in patients with acutely decompensated heart failure with preserved and reduced ejection fraction: The Decongestion duRing therapY for acute decOmpensated heart failure in HFpEF vs HFrEF- DRY-OFF study.
To evaluate pulmonary and intravascular congestion at admission and repeatedly during hospitalization for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) in HFrEF and HFpEF patients using lung (LUS) and inferior vena cava (IVC) ultrasound. ⋯ Serial assessment of pulmonary and intravascular congestion revealed a higher burden of fluid overload in HFrEF and, conversely, a greater reduction in intravascular venous congestion with diuretic treatment. Although other factors beyond EF could play a role in congestion/decongestion patterns, our data may be relevant for further phenotyping HF patients, considering the importance of decongestion optimization in the clinical approach.
-
Eur. J. Intern. Med. · Mar 2022
Factors associated with persistence of symptoms 1 year after COVID-19: A longitudinal, prospective phone-based interview follow-up cohort study.
To investigate the persistence of symptoms compatible with COVID-19 in a real-file prospective cohort of patients at 12 months from hospital discharge. ⋯ Burden of the long COVID-19 symptoms decreased over time but remained as high as 40% at 12 months with important gender and functional differences, highlighting potential patient categories who may benefit from specific follow up strategies.
-
Eur. J. Intern. Med. · Mar 2022
LetterTrends and outcomes of opioid-related cardiac arrest in a contemporary US population.
Opioid abuse is a worldwide public health issue, and deaths related to opioid abuse are increasing. We aimed to investigate trends, predictors, and outcomes of cardiac arrest in patients with opioid abuse. ⋯ Opioid abuse remains a significant cause of cardiac arrest. Despite similar in-hospital mortality and lower resource utilization, severe complications are more frequent in opioid abuse related cardiac arrests compared to those without opioid abuse.