Leukemia & lymphoma
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Leukemia & lymphoma · Nov 1999
The role of T cell costimulation by CD80 in the initiation and maintenance of the immune response to human leukemia.
Most human myeloid leukemias express both class I and class II HLA and it has been postulated that leukemia-associated peptides are presented by those molecules. It is possible, however, that leukemia cells escape the immune surveillance by lacking expression of "costimulatory" molecules required for activating the immune response. Human erythroleukemia line (HEL) has been the subject of previous detailed studies demonstrating surface expression of bona fide HLA molecules but inability to stimulate allogeneic response of proliferative or cytolytic T cells. ⋯ The clones could respond not only to HEL-DR+/CD80+ line but also to the HEL-DR+ line; however, the proliferative response to HEL-DR+/CD80+ was amplified and sustained compared to the short-lived response to wild type HEL-DR+ cells. Therefore, expression of CD80 by HEL-DR+ cells was determinant both to initiate and sustain the T cell response. These experiments support the hypothesis that lack of expression of "costimulatory" molecules for T cells contributes to leukemia escape from immune surveillance, and provide preliminary data for the use of CD80 transfection in the immunotherapy of human leukemia.
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Leukemia & lymphoma · Aug 1999
ReviewThe relationship between the myelodysplastic syndromes and the myeloproliferative disorders.
As a result of clonal evolution typical cases of one of the myelodysplastic syndromes may develop myeloproliferative features. Similarly, typical cases of one of the myeloproliferative disorders may develop dysplastic features, either as part of the natural history of the disease or as a result of exposure to mutagenic drugs or isotopes. ⋯ Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia and many cases of atypical chronic myeloid leukaemia, juvenile chronic myeloid leukaemia and the childhood monosomy 7 syndrome are "overlap syndromes". In addition, a significant minority of cases which fit the generally agreed criteria for a diagnosis of one of the myelodysplastic syndromes (refractory anaemia, refractory anaemia with ring sideroblasts or refractory anaemia with excess of blasts) also have thrombocytosis, neutrophilia, monocytosis, eosinophilia or basophilia.
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Leukemia & lymphoma · Apr 1999
Case ReportsT-cell-rich B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma mimicking Hodgkin's disease.
We report on a patient with recurrent T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma (TCRBCL), initially misdiagnosed as a lymphocyte-rich Hodgkin's disease. This case exemplifies the diagnostic problems of TCRBCL and the need for immunophenotypic analysis to differentiate TCRBCL from Hodgkin's disease, nodular paragranuloma and peripheral T-cell lymphoma. ⋯ The significance of the abundant T-cell infiltration in this B-cell neoplasm will be discussed and the concepts concerning antitumor response will be reviewed. Based on epidemiological data and the clinical behaviour TCRBCL does not seem to represent a distinctive pathological entity.
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Leukemia & lymphoma · Jul 1997
Case ReportsCoexistence of life threatening chemotherapy related leukoencephalopathy, saggital sinus thrombosis and multiple organ failure in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: an unusual case with clinical recovery.
A nine-year old girl with T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) had acute severe neurologic complications at the end of the remission-induction chemotherapy course. Thirty-six hours following triple intrathecal (IT) therapy and intravenous (IV) administration of L-asparaginase (L-asp), tetraplegia developed and she became unconscious. She had bouts of hypertension and persistent tachycardia unresponsive to digitalis therapy. ⋯ Despite, coexistence of all these chemotherapy related complications, her neurologic functions and multiple organ failure improved gradually. After a 70 days' period of interruption, chemotherapy was resumed and continued without any further complications. Although, the etiology of her extensive sensitivity to some drugs remains unclear, we believe that it is important to document these unusual events in this child.
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Leukemia & lymphoma · Jun 1997
Case ReportsNon-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting with coagulopathy due to anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome.
The clinical presentation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) has been well recognized and characterized. Among the unusual presentations immunological and autoimmune phenomena have been reported. We describe a patient in whom NHL presented with lupus anticoagulants. The immunological and coagulation abnormalities at presentation and the complication during the course of NHL as well as their prognostic implication are discussed.