Endocrine pathology
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Endocrine pathology · Jun 2011
Value of ultrasound and cytological classification system to predict the malignancy of thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology.
Although fine-needle aspiration cytology is considered the gold standard for evaluating thyroid nodules, in about 10-30% of the cases, cytology is indeterminate. This study aimed to determine the value of cytological classification system and ultrasound (US) to predict malignancy in indeterminate thyroid nodule. This retrospective analysis enrolled 80 patients surgically treated at a single center, 75% (60) with benign vs. 25% (20) with malignant lesions at final histology. ⋯ After the multivariate analysis, the model obtained showed border irregularity and Bethesda System category IV as predictive factors of malignancy in indeterminate thyroid nodules, featuring 76.9% of accuracy. This study confirmed a significant increase of risk for malignancy in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology showing Bethesda System category IV and suspicious features at US. These findings enhance our current limited predictive armamentarium and can be used to guide surgical decision making.
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Endocrine pathology · Jan 2007
Biography Historical ArticleDr. Kalman T. Kovacs. Recipient of the 2007 Endocrine Pathology Society Lifetime Achievement Award.
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Endocrine pathology · Jan 2007
Immunohistochemical detection of somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtypes 2A and 5 in pituitary adenoma from acromegalic patients: good correlation with preoperative response to octreotide.
The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the expression of somatostatin receptors by immunohistochemistry and the percent suppression of GH levels in the octreotide suppression test. ⋯ Immunohistochemistry for SSTR2A in pathology specimens from acromegalic patients enabled selection of those experiencing clinical benefit from octreotide. Therefore, performing immunohistochemistry for detection of SSTR2A is recommended for all specimens obtained by surgery.
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Endocrine pathology · Jan 2006
Expression of inhibin/activin subunits alpha (-alpha), betaA (-betaA), and betaB (-betaB) in placental tissue of normal, preeclamptic, and HELLP pregnancies.
During human pregnancy the placenta produces a variety of proteins for the establishment of the fetoplacental unit, including inhibins and activins. Inhibins are dimeric glycoproteins, composed of an alpha-subunit and one of two possible beta-subunits (betaA or betaB). Aims of the present study were (a) the determination of the frequency and tissue distribution patterns of the inhibin/activin subunits in human placental tissue of normal pregnancies and pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets) and (b) the assessment of a combined expression of inhibin-alpha- and both beta-subunits (betaA-and betaB-subunits) using double immunofluorescence technique. ⋯ Valuable parameters in HELLP syndrome could be inhibin A, rather than inhibin B, and activin B. Furthermore, the lower betaB-subunit production in extravillous trophoblast cells demonstrates that this subunit might have an important role in the pathogenesis of HELLP syndrome. Additionally, the higher production of the betaA-subunit in syncytotrophoblast cells suggest a higher production of activin A rather than inhibin A in preeclampsia that might be utilized as a marker of placental function.
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Endocrine pathology · Jan 2006
Intracytoplasmic inclusions (including the so-called "rhabdoid" phenotype) in pancreatic endocrine tumors.
The cytoplasm of pancreatic endocrine tumors (PET) can show a diverse range of appearances from clear, to oncocytic, to intracellular mucin accumulation, and the presence of intracytoplasmic inclusions. Intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions can vary morphologically and the spectrum ranges from small, dot-like hyaline inclusions, to deeply acidophilic/eosinophilic ones that occupy almost the whole cytoplasm and displace the nucleus eccentrically: the so-called "rhabdoid" phenotype. The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency, morphology, behavior, and relationship to clinicopathological features of large intracytoplasmic inclusions, including the rhabdoid phenotype, in a large number of PET. ⋯ Four of the five cases with rhabdoid cells had spread to lymph nodes and/or peripancreatic fatty tissue. This study confirms that a spectrum of large intracytoplasmic inclusions is encountered in PET, ranging from lightly eosinophilic intracytoplasmic globules to the more typical rhabdoid phenotype (deeply eosinophilic inclusions). This phenotype, in particular the rhabdoid cells, is worthy of attention as a proportion may show lymphovascular invasion with evidence of metastasis at the time of presentation, irrespective of size, mitotic rates, or necrosis.