Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA
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Comparative Study
Comparison of spine and femur reference data in native Chinese women from different regions of China.
The aim of this study is to explore the differences of BMD reference curves at various skeletal sites among Chinese women from different regions of China and to investigate the feasibility of establishing a unified national BMD reference database for Chinese women. We measured BMD at the posteroanterior (PA) lumbar spine, femoral neck, trochanter and Ward's triangle by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry bone densitometer in 3,422 Changsha women of South Central China, aged 20-84 years. The documented BMDs of reference populations of women in all other areas included Shanghai ( n =2,111) and Nanjing ( n =3,174) in the East, Shenyang ( n =1,213) in the Northeast, Kunming ( n =523) in the Southwest, Chongqing ( n =811) in the Midwest and Xian ( n =1,320) in the Northwest. ⋯ We conclude that, in high density population areas, sBMD reference curves showed no significant geographic differences in women from various regions. In women from different areas, sBMD reference curves present good pooled results at the PA spine and trochanter. The less ideal combining effect of the sBMD curves at both femoral neck and Ward's triangle might be caused by the intrinsic differences from the different measuring instruments.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Efficacy of risedronate administration in osteoporotic postmenopausal women affected by inflammatory bowel disease.
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have frequently a bone mineral density (BMD) significantly lower than age-matched healthy subjects. The low BMD observed in IBD patients is related also to a higher incidence of bone fractures. In this prospective randomized study we evaluated the effect of 1-year risedronate administration on bone mass and turnover, and on vertebral fractures in osteoporotic postmenopausal women with IBD in remission. ⋯ Throughout the study, the incidence of vertebral fractures was significantly ( p <0.05) lower in the risedronate group than in the placebo group (12.5% vs 34.1%). The relative risk (RR) to develop a new vertebral fracture after 1 year of risedronate administration was of 0.36 (95% confidence interval, 0.14-0.85). In conclusion, risedronate administration is an effective anti-osteoporotic treatment in osteoporotic postmenopausal women with IBD in remission.
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Fragility fractures in men represent a major health problem, and this prompts a necessity for reliable tools for the identification of men at risk of fracture. In order to assess the ability of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) in the prediction of fracture risk in men and whether their combination might be useful in a clinical setting, we studied 401 men (age range 45-82 years, mean 60.3+/-12.5), of whom 133 had osteoporotic fractures and 268 did not. In all subjects we measured bone mineral density at the lumbar spine (BMD-LS) and at the femur, calculating thereafter the standard femoral subregions: neck (BMD-FN), total hip (BMD-T), trochanter (BMD-TR), intertrochanter (BMD-ITR), and Ward's triangle (BMD-W), by DXA. ⋯ If BMD-LS and BMD-FN or BMD-T were combined, the value of the OR increases (OR=4.59, CI=2.27-9.25 and OR=4.68, CI=2.24-9.76), respectively. Our study supports the effectiveness of QUS in the identification of osteoporotic fractures in men. QUS seems to play an independent and complementary role, with respect to DXA, in order to enhance the power for predicting osteoporotic fractures in men.
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A low intake of calcium is widely considered to be a risk factor for future fracture. The aim of this study was to quantify this risk on an international basis and to explore the effect of age, gender and bone mineral density (BMD) on this risk. We studied 39,563 men and women (69% female) from six prospectively studied cohorts comprising EVOS/EPOS, CaMos, DOES, the Rotterdam study, the Sheffield study and a cohort from Gothenburg. ⋯ The association was no longer significant after adjustment for BMD. No significant relationship was observed by age for low milk intake and hip fracture risk. We conclude that a self-reported low intake of milk is not associated with any marked increase in fracture risk and that the use of this risk indicator is of little or no value in case-finding strategies.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The efficacy of acute administration of pamidronate on the conservation of bone mass following severe burn injury in children: a double-blind, randomized, controlled study.
Bone loss is a known complication of severe burn injury. It is, in part, due to increased endogenous glucocorticoids that contribute to the reduction in bone formation and osteoblast differentiation, hypercalciuria secondary to hypoparathyroidism, and vitamin D deficiency. In this study we attempted to prevent post-burn bone loss by acute intravenous administration of the bisphosphonate pamidronate. ⋯ Bone histomorphometry and levels of urine Ca and free deoxypyridinoline failed to show significant increases in bone formation or decreases in bone resorption. Pamidronate did not exacerbate the hypocalcemia in burn patients. In summary, acute intravenous pamidronate administration following burns may help to preserve bone mass, perhaps by inhibiting the glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteocytes.