Nutrición hospitalaria : organo oficial de la Sociedad Española de Nutrición Parenteral y Enteral
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A mobile application or app, is a software designed for smartphones and other mobile devices. Nowadays these have undergone a boom in its users offer and diversity, entering the field of medicine, for both professionals and patients. In "health apps" category, there is a part for the field of nutrition. It is estimated that in the category of "diet and fitness" more than 5,400 apps. ⋯ Although most applications are not useful or safe, if in the future are normalized and improved, they could provide a useful tool for the healthcare system and society.
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Neurocritical patients have a metabolic condition that makes them particularly sensitive to protein-caloric malnutrition in a short period of time. Due to this, it is essential nutritional support treatment. But the neurocritical patient has physiological connotations that makes it difficult to be able to establish an early nutrition: persistent gastroparesis for days and exacerbated metabolic response with hyperglycemia is a challenge to the therapist. This review intends to respond to nutritional difficulties in neurocritical patients and also review pharmaco-nutritients that may be helpful for the subsequent clinical course.
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Obesity is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. The worldwide prevalence of obesity has almost doubled between 1980 and 2008. In some regions, such as Europe, the Eastern Mediterranean and the Americas, more than 50% of women are overweight. ⋯ However, the fastest growth occurs in the group of lower middle-income countries. There is a growing body of evidence for an inverse association between SES and child obesity in developed countries. The prevalence of overweight and obesity is high in all age groups in many countries, but especially worrying in children and adolescents in developed countries and economies in transition.
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The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased; as a result the number of patients with T2DM undergoing surgical procedures has also increased. This population is at high risk of macrovascular (cardiovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease) or microvascular (retinopathy, nephropathy or neuropathy) complications, both increasing their perioperative morbidity and mortality. Diabetes patients are more at risk of poor wound healing, respiratory infection, myocardial infarction, admission to intensive care, and increased hospital length of stay. ⋯ The improvements in glycaemia are thought to be independent of weight loss and this requires different postoperative management. Patients usually have to follow specific preoperative diets which lead to improvement in glycaemia immediately before surgery. Here we review the available data on the mortality and morbidity of patients with T2DM who underwent elective surgery (cardiac, non-cardiac and bariatric surgery) and the current knowledge of the impact that preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative glycaemic management has on operative outcomes.
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Fatty acids, in addition to its known energy value and its structural function, have other beneficial properties. In particular, the polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 acting on the cardiovascular apparatus through many channels exerting a protective effect against cardiovascular risk. ⋯ An index is established that relates the percentage of EPA + DHA of total fatty acids in erythrocytes and risk of death from cardiovascular disease may layering in different degrees. Therefore, the primary source of fatty fish w-3 PUFA, behaves like a reference food in cardiosaludables diets.