Nutrición hospitalaria : organo oficial de la Sociedad Española de Nutrición Parenteral y Enteral
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Comparative Study
[Estimation of height from leg lenght measured with tape measure].
Equations to predict height from several body segments have been developed. However, those that use the knee height are limited by the need of an instrument with high cost (anthropometer). Thus, the aim of this study was to develop a prediction equation from the leg length by using a tape measure. ⋯ Linear regression analysis was done to estimate the height in each gender and the results were tested on an independent sample. The generated equations achieved a very good correlation with the real height and the standard error was calculated. Thus, in those subjects in whom assessment of the real height is not possible by conventional means, it is possible to use height prediction equations from simple techniques and equipment accessible to the whole health care staff.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
[Multicenter study on incidence of total parenteral nutrition complications in the critically-ill patient. ICOMEP study. Part II].
To assess enteral nutrition complications in a prospective cohort of patients admitted to the ICU. ⋯ Gastrointestinal complications with enteral nutrition are frequent, result in insufficient caloric intake and definitive withdrawal of diet in a significant number of cases. Early enteral nutrition is not associated with an increased number of complications. Episodes of increase of the gastric residue do not increase the incidence of pneumonia. Other infectious complications are within the range of what has been published and seem to be little modified by the use of enteral nutrition.
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Comparative Study
[The year 2002 national registry on home-based enteral nutrition].
To communicate the information available by the NADYA-SENPE Working Group from patients on Home Enteral Nutrition (HEN) in our country during the year 2002. ⋯ We found a persistence of these treatment in our country (96.5 patients/million inhabitants. Neurological and neoplasic diseases were the more frequent diagnosis in patients analysed. The high prevalence of cancer patients could be the main cause of oral access for enteral nutrition. Change of enteral tube was the more frequent complication observed during this treatment.
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Existing data about indication and time of onset of nutritional support are not homogeneous. However, the presence of a deterioration of the nutritional status is accompanied by harmful effects so that, broadly speaking, specialized nutritional support onset would be advisable if a fasting period longer than 5-7 days is foreseen. ⋯ Enteral nutrition should be started early on (within the first 36 hours of admission). Although transpyloric nutrients administration may however reduce bronchoaspiration and increase the diet effective volume received by patients, there are no data for recommending routinary usage of the transpyloric route for nutritional support in the critically ill patients.
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Due to the characteristics of critically ill patients, elaborating recommendations on nutritional support for these patients is difficult. Usually the time of onset of nutritional support or its features are not well established, so that its application is based on experts' opinion. ⋯ Several clinical situations have been considered which are developed in the following articles of this publication. The present recommendations aim at providing a guideline for the less experienced clinicians when considering the metabolic and nutritional issues of critically ill patients.