Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica
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Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin. · Mar 2011
ReviewUpdate on bacteraemia in oncology and hematology.
The present article is an update of the literature on bacteraemia in onco-hematologic patients. A multidisciplinary group of Spanish physicians with an interest in this field selected the most important papers published recently. ⋯ Important aspects of these studies include the assessment of different strategies in the management of fever in neutropenic patients and the validation of specific scores. Moreover, early identification of patients at risk of bacterial and of multi-drug resistant infections is a topic of increasing interest.
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Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin. · Jun 2012
Comparative StudySurveillance of surgical site infections in elective colorectal surgery. Results of the VINCat Program (2007-2010).
The VINCat Program is a standardized surveillance program of healthcare infections in Catalonia, Spain. This program includes monitoring of surgical site infections (SSI) of elective colorectal surgery. The aim of this study was to define SSI rates in colorectal surgery among VINCat hospitals over a period of 4 years. ⋯ However, no changes were observed in mean surgery duration, ASA score and degree of surgical contamination. The VINCat Program incorporated a large number of Catalan hospitals that participated in standardized monitoring of colorectal surgery. The cumulative incidence rate of SSI for colorectal surgery was 20.8%, although there were large variations between hospitals.
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Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin. · Oct 2011
[Patient characteristics and health care burden during the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 pandemic in the university Hospital Vall d'Hebron of Barcelona].
The influenza A (H1N1) 2009 pandemic initially had a mild impact in Catalonian hospitals, but in the autumn there was an important pandemic wave. We describe the main characteristics of patients seen in the Vall d'Hebron University Hospital in Barcelona (HUVH) during this pandemic, the risk factors associated with hospitalization and the health-care burden generated. ⋯ Between July and September 2009 the pandemic had a low impact on hospital resources, but in autumn there was a marked increase in emergency department visits and hospitalizations. Children had higher rates of confirmed cases, while adults had higher rates of hospitalizations. The risk of hospitalization was higher in patients with certain conditions especially in those with pneumonia. The pandemic wave was a moderate work load for HUVH, since it did not involve any modification of the usual health care programs.
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Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin. · Aug 2005
[SARS, avian influenza, and human metapneumovirus infection].
Beginning in the 1950s respiratory viruses have been gradually discovered by isolation in cell cultures The last were the coronaviruses in the 1960s. No new respiratory viruses were discovered until 2001 when human metapneumovirus was found in respiratory specimens from children with bronchiolitis. A year later, in November 2002, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) suddenly appeared as atypical pneumonia. ⋯ In addition, several subtypes of the influenza A virus, previously known to infect only poultry and wild birds, were recently found to have been directly transmitted to humans. Respiratory infection has been a considerable problem for humans for centuries. Now, in the 21st century, with new associated viruses continuously emerging, it remains an important field for work.
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Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin. · Oct 2012
ReviewAntiviral treatment and vaccination for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus: lessons learned from the pandemic.
The influenza pandemic that was declared by the World Health Organization in June 2009 created a new scenario for the use of influenza antivirals and vaccination. The new strain, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, was resistant to amantadine and rimantadine, and the most frequently used antiviral was oseltamivir. Randomized studies were not performed comparing neuraminidase inhibitors with placebo. ⋯ A safe and effective vaccine to prevent disease from this new influenza strain was available in developed countries soon after the pandemic began; thus, the rate of adverse effects was comparable to that of seasonal influenza vaccines. The main barrier to its use was the concern of target populations about its necessity and safety. Therefore, the challenges for future pandemics will be to increase the population coverage of the vaccine in developed countries and to make it affordable for developing countries.