Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica
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Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin. · Jan 2016
Observational Study[Diagnostic usefulness of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in the Emergency Department for predicting bacterial meningitis in the elderly].
To analyse and compare procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) as tools for detecting bacterial meningitis (BM) in the elderly (>74 years of age). ⋯ For all patients with acute meningitis in the emergency department, PCT has a high diagnostic power, outperforming CRP and Leukocytes for detection of bacterial etiology, but CPR is of not useful in the elderly.
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Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin. · Jun 2012
Comparative StudyLaboratory-based surveillance of hospital-acquired catheter-related bloodstream infections in Catalonia. Results of the VINCat Program (2007-2010).
The VINCat Program is an institutional surveillance program for hospital-acquired infections developed in the healthcare institutions of Catalonia, Spain. The program includes the monitoring of various components of hospital-acquired infection, among which is catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI). The aim of this study was to describe the frequency of CRBSI in hospitals participating in the VINCat Program over a period of 4 years (2007-2010). ⋯ There are important differences in the etiology of CRBSI in relation to these variables. During the reporting period, a significant reduction (38.1%, CI95%, 29.0-46.0%) of CRBSI rates have been observed in Group I hospitals. CRBSI surveillance is an important element of the VINCat Program, offering to us the possibility of establishing standard values for this component and implementing intervention strategies for its reduction.
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Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin. · Apr 2010
Meta Analysis[Use of rifampicin plus pyrazinamide for antituberculosis prophylaxis does not increase the risk of severe hepatotoxicity in HIV patients: meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials].
To compare the incidence of severe hepatitis in HIV-infected patients receiving rifampicin plus pyrazinamide (RZ) for antituberculosis prophylaxis with that of patients receiving a conventional isoniazid-based regime for 6 to 12 months (6-12H). ⋯ The meta-analysis did not demonstrate an increased risk of severe hepatoxicity in HIV-infected patients receiving tuberculosis prophylaxis with the rifampicin/pyrazinamide combination compared to the conventional 6- or 12-month isoniazid-based regimen.
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Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin. · Oct 2015
[Implementation of an automatic alarms system for early detection of patients with severe sepsis].
The objective of this study was to assess the usefulness of a software tool integrated into the medical electronic history at the time of emergency triage. The aim was the early detection of patients with severe sepsis, and the potential impact of this software tool on reducing the mortality rate in patients treated. ⋯ There were no studies that evaluated the effectiveness of an alarm system in our literature search. An electronic identification system for patients with sepsis allows acting earlier, better compliance with basic measures, and a reduction in hospital stay and mortality.
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Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin. · Mar 2014
Review[Usefulness of inflammation and infection biomarkers in the Emergency Department].
Infectious processes account for 10% of patient seen in the emergency department. To administer antibiotics early, and before any other therapeutic-diagnostic decisions (complementary tests, microbiological samples, intensity of hemodynamic support, need for admission, etc.) have direct repercussions on the survival of patients with severe bacterial infections (bacteremia, severe sepsis or septic shock). In this context, the emergency department represents a critical level where the suspicion of infection and it diagnosis is made and treatment is started, and the progression and prognosis will be determined by the speed of this action. ⋯ Inflammation and infection biomarkers have been around for years as helpful tools for improving emergency medical diagnoses and management of infection in the emergency department. The aim of this review is to summarize the published scientific evidence, in order to clarify the existing controversies, comparing the usefulness of the major biomarkers of inflammation and infection. It will alas suggest recommendations for their use in order to improve diagnosis, prognostic evaluation and management of infected patients in the emergency department.