Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI
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J Magn Reson Imaging · May 2014
Therapy monitoring of skeletal metastases with whole-body diffusion MRI.
Current methods of assessing tumor response at skeletal sites with metastatic disease use a combination of imaging tests, serum and urine biochemical markers, and symptoms assessment. These methods do not always enable the positive assessment of therapeutic benefit to be made but instead provide an evaluation of progression, which then guides therapy decisions in the clinic. Functional imaging techniques such as whole-body diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) when combined with anatomic imaging and other emerging "wet" biomarkers can improve the classification of therapy response in patients with metastatic bone disease. ⋯ Rarer patterns of successful treatment include no changes in signal intensity accompanying increases in ADC values (T2 shine-through pattern) or reductions in signal intensity without ADC value changes. Progressive disease results in increases in extent/intensity of disease on high b-value images with variable ADC changes. Diffusion MRI therapy response criteria need to be developed and tested in prospective studies in order to address current, unmet clinical and pharmaceutical needs for reliable measures of tumor response in metastatic bone disease.
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Magentic Resonance/positron emission tomography (PET) has been introduced recently for imaging of clinical patients. This hybrid imaging technology combines the inherent strengths of MRI with its high soft-tissue contrast and biological sequences with the inherent strengths of PET, enabling imaging of metabolism with a high sensitivity. In this article, we describe the initial experience of MR/PET in a clinical cancer center along with a review of the literature. ⋯ In the pediatric population, MR/PET can decrease the lifetime radiation dose. MR/PET protocols tailored to different types of malignancies need to be developed. After the initial exploration phase, large multicenter trials are warranted to determine clinical indications for this exciting hybrid imaging technology and thereby opening new horizons in molecular imaging.
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J Magn Reson Imaging · Apr 2014
Comparative StudyReliability of two-dimensional and three-dimensional pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI in elderly populations: comparison with 15O-water positron emission tomography.
To investigate the reliability and accuracy of two pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) sequences, using two-dimensional (2D) gradient-echo echo planar imaging (EPI) and 3D gradient and spin echo (GRASE) as the readout, respectively. ⋯ The 3D GRASE pCASL offers better repeatability than 2D EPI pCASL, thereby may provide a reliable imaging marker for the evaluation of disease progression and treatment effects in MCI and early AD subjects.
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J Magn Reson Imaging · Apr 2014
Dynamic gadoxetate-enhanced MRI for the assessment of total and segmental liver function and volume in primary sclerosing cholangitis.
To evaluate dynamic hepatocyte-specific contrast-enhanced MRI (DHCE-MRI) for the assessment of global and segmental liver volume and function in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and to explore the heterogeneous distribution of liver function in this patient group. ⋯ The study demonstrates a new method to quantify total and segmental liver function using DHCE-MRI in patients with PSC.
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J Magn Reson Imaging · Apr 2014
Pulmonary 3 T MRI with ultrashort TEs: influence of ultrashort echo time interval on pulmonary functional and clinical stage assessments of smokers.
To assess the influence of ultrashort TE (UTE) intervals on pulmonary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with UTEs (UTE-MRI) for pulmonary functional loss assessment and clinical stage classification of smokers. ⋯ UTE-MRI has a potential for management of smokers and the UTE interval is suggested as an important parameter in this setting.