Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI
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J Magn Reson Imaging · Jan 2011
Preliminary evidence of altered gray and white matter microstructural development in the frontal lobe of adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a diffusional kurtosis imaging study.
To investigate non-Gaussian water diffusion using diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) to assess age effects on gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) microstructural changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared to typically developing controls (TDC). ⋯ These findings support the prevailing theory that ADHD is a disorder affecting frontostriatal WM. Our study is the first to directly quantify an aberrant age-related trajectory in ADHD within GM microstructure, suggesting that the assessment of non-Gaussian directional diffusion using DKI provides more sensitive and complementary information about tissue microstructural changes than conventional diffusion imaging methods.
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J Magn Reson Imaging · Jan 2011
Comparative StudyQuantification of fat infiltration in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy: comparison of three MR imaging methods.
To analyze and compare three quantitative MRI methods to determine the degree of muscle involvement in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD). ⋯ Quantitative MR techniques, such as fast multiecho Dixon methods and T₂ imaging, can reliably differentiate between healthy and dystrophic muscles in OPMD, even if muscles are only marginally affected. Quantitative methods thus represent a promising tool that may be able to monitor more objectively the individual disease progression and treatment response in future clinical trials in muscular dystrophies.
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J Magn Reson Imaging · Jan 2011
Comparative StudyThree-dimensional contrast-enhanced hepatic MR imaging: comparison between a centric technique and a linear approach with partial Fourier along both slice and phase directions.
To compare the image quality of two variants of a three-dimensional (3D) gradient echo sequence (GRE) for hepatic MRI. ⋯ The enhanced 3D GRE sequence available on our scanner provided better hepatic image quality than the centric variant, without compromising lesion contrast.
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J Magn Reson Imaging · Jan 2011
Clinical utility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in patients with prostate cancer: can ADC values contribute to assess the aggressiveness of prostate cancer?
To retrospectively evaluate the relationship between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and Gleason score (GS) in prostate cancer. ⋯ ADC values showed a negative correlation with GS. Pathologically, however, there was considerable intrasubject heterogeneity.
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J Magn Reson Imaging · Dec 2010
ReviewComputed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in cystic fibrosis lung disease.
Computed tomography (CT) is the current "gold standard" for assessment of lung morphology and is so far the most reliable imaging modality for monitoring cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. CT has a much higher radiation exposure than chest x-ray. The cumulative radiation dose for life-long repeated CT scans has limited its use for CF patients as their life expectancy increases. ⋯ It is thought to be less sensitive to detect small airway disease. At the same time, MRI is superior to CT when it comes to the assessment of functional changes such as altered pulmonary perfusion. The recommendation is to further reduce radiation dose related to the use of CT and to use MRI in the follow-up of morphological changes where possible.