Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Sep 2023
Review[Prevention of Post-operative Delirium].
Postoperative delirium (POD) is an adverse but often preventable complication of surgery and surgery-related anaesthesia, and increasingly prevalent. This article provides an overview on non-pharmacological preventive measures, divided into individualized and non-individualized measures. ⋯ Based on the results of preoperative screenings for risk factors such as frailty or cognitive impairment, individualized measures may encompass prehabilitation, treatment of specific risk factors, operation room companionship or cognitive, motor, and sensory stimulation as well as social support. This article additionally lists several examples of best practice approaches already implemented in German-speaking countries and websites for further readings.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Jul 2023
[Intoxications in childhood and adolescence].
Poisoning of children requires quick and rational action. It is crucial to recognize a poisoning, to interpret the symptoms correctly, and to assess the severity of the poisoning as precisely as possible. This is the best way to find the optimal therapy for each patient. ⋯ Both the hazard of a toxic substance and a realistic exposure assessment must be considered. This is especially crucial in cases of suspected poisoning of (still) mostly asymptomatic patients. This is the way to prevent overtreatment without overlooking dangerous poisonings.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Jul 2023
[Practice of anaesthesia for electroconvulsive therapy].
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an established therapeutic method for the treatment of severe mental disorders refractory to pharmaco- and psychotherapy. ECT is a first-line treatment option in delusional disorders, severe depression with acute suicidal tendency or life-threatening catatonia. Usually, ECT is performed as a treatment series. ⋯ During paralysis, consciousness is blocked by general anaesthesia, although ECT is associated with antegrade amnesia for seizure induction and the seizure itself. In the context of ECT, the ideal hypnotic should be characterised by rapid onset, short duration of action and negligible anticonvulsive effects (i.e., least possible impact on seizure quality and duration). As mutual awareness of psychiatric and anaesthesiologic techniques is essential for safe and effective conduction of ECT, this article presents ECT both from the psychiatrist's and the anaesthesiologist's perspective.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Jul 2023
[End-of-Life Care: medical and therapeutic aspects].
According to data from the German Federal Statistical Office, 424635 patients died in hospitals across Germany in 2020. That is 43% of all deaths. ⋯ However, there is often uncertainty as to what the care of the dying should look like in concrete terms. The following explanations are intended to convey how ideal end-of-life care should be designed and provide concrete assistance and suggestions as to how this can also succeed outside a palliative care unit.