Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Mar 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[ProSeal-laryngeal mask versus endotracheal intubation in patients undergoing gynaecologic laparoscopy].
The aim of this study was to assess the practicality of the ProSeal laryngeal mask (PS-LMA) airway during laparoscopic surgery with capnoperitoneum compared to endotracheal intubation (ET). ⋯ The PS-LMA is a convenient and practicable approach for anaesthesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Jan 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial[Propofol-LCT versus propofol-MCT/LCT with or without lidocaine - a comparison on pain on injection].
A disadvantage of Propofol (commercial preparation containing long-chain triglycerides; Propofol-LCT) is pain on injection, which is reported by 54 - 100 % of the patients. Many different approaches have been used in an attempt to decrease the pain on injection of propofol. The currently most efficacious treatment is lidocaine given intravenously with a tourniquet prior to Propofol injection. In previous studies, larger concentrations of free propofol in the aqueous phase of an emulsion were associated with more pain on injection. A new formulation of propofol (a mixture of long-chain and medium-chain triglycerides in the carrier emulsion; Propofol-MCT/LCT) reduces the incidence of pain on bolus injection. This study was designed to investigate, whether the use of Propofol-MCT/LCT alleviates pain on injection to a similar degree as pretreatment with lidocaine. ⋯ The results suggest that pain on injection is reduced equivalent using either Propofol-MCT/LCT alone or Propofol-LCT with pre-treatment of lidocaine. Pre-treatment with lidocaine before Propofol-MCT/LCT seems to have an additional effect.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Dec 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Comparison of premedication with clonidine and midazolam combined with TCI for orthopaedic shoulder surgery].
The most frequently used drugs for premedication are benzodiazepines and alpha (2)-adrenoceptor agonists. In this study we examined midazolam and clonidine for premedication in combination with target controlled infusion anaesthesia (TCI) in patients undergoing orthopaedic shoulder surgery and analysed the effects on the peri- and postoperative course. ⋯ Premedication with the alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine is as good as with benzodiazepines in combination with TCI. Because of the lower incidence of PONV and the need of piritramid in the postoperative period patients premedicated with 5 microg x kg(-1) clonidine may benefit from this premedication.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Dec 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Effects of esmolol- and sodium nitroprusside-induced controlled hypotension on hepatocellular integrity in patients undergoing endonasal sinus surgery].
Controlled hypotension (CH) is an established method to reduce intraoperative bleeding. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of CH induced by sodium nitroprusside (SN) or esmolol on hepatocellular integrity. ⋯ The small but significant increase of alpha-GST in both hypotension groups suggests that hypotension induces a mild damage of hepatocellular integrity.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Nov 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Plasma levels of ropivacaine and bupivacaine during postoperative patient controlled thoracic epidural analgesia].
The postoperative continuous epidural application of local anesthetics can cause side effects like motor blockade and systemic intoxication. The study was performed to evaluate the plasma levels of two local anesthetics and their analgesic and side effects in continuous postoperative epidural analgesia. ⋯ The present study shows that thoracic epidural infusion with bupivacaine 0.125% and with a higher concentration of ropivacaine 0.375% during 96 h provides plasma levels of unbound local anesthetic far below the toxic threshold.