Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Dec 2011
Clinical TrialPopulation pharmacokinetics of lidocaine administered during and after cardiac surgery.
The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine in a 48-hour infusion in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). ⋯ A 2-compartment pharmacokinetic model best describes the plasma concentrations of a 48-hour lidocaine infusion in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB. The inclusion of body weight as a covariate on clearance and central compartment improves the model. Lidocaine infusions should be dosed by body weight and decreased after 24 hours to avoid potential toxicity in long-term infusions.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Dec 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialPreconditioning with repeated hyperbaric oxygen induces myocardial and cerebral protection in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial.
To evaluate the cerebral and myocardial protective effects of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning in both on-pump and off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. ⋯ Preconditioning with HBO resulted in both cerebral and cardiac protective effects as determined by biochemical markers of neuronal and myocardial injury and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. No protective effects were noted in off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Dec 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialSmall-dose dexamethasone improves quality of recovery scores after elective cardiac surgery: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
The use of steroid therapy in cardiac surgical patients remains controversial. The aim of this clinical investigation was to determine the effect of small-dose dexamethasone therapy on patient-perceived quality of recovery (QoR) scores in elective cardiac surgical patients. In addition, the authors assessed the impact of dexamethasone on the incidence of common adverse events after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). ⋯ Patient-perceived postoperative QoR in cardiac surgical patients is enhanced significantly by small-dose dexamethasone treatment.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Dec 2011
A pilot study of patients with clinically severe obesity undergoing laparoscopic surgery: evidence for impaired cardiac performance.
Given the propensity for heart disease in obese patients, the authors investigated the effects of pneumoperitoneum on cardiac performance. ⋯ The study data revealed that surgical pneumoperitoneum used in patients with clinically severe obesity resulted in the deterioration of cardiac performance including the development of new-onset DD. These patients, despite their relative young age and without a history of heart failure or coronary artery disease, displayed a cardiovascular profile during laparoscopic surgery similar to that seen in patients with significant heart disease.