Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Dec 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of Increasing Heart Rate and Tidal Volume on Stroke Volume Variability in Vascular Surgery Patients.
Because heart rate affects ventricular filling, the aim of the present study was to assess the effects of increasing heart rate and tidal volume on stroke volume variability to determine whether this dynamic index is heart-rate dependent. ⋯ Stroke volume variability is sensitive to increases in heart rate in addition to tidal volume. Increasing heart rate caused stroke volume variability to increase significantly, although not to the same magnitude as increasing tidal volume. When using dynamic volume indices, clinicians should be aware of increases in heart rate, although its clinical impact may be relatively minor compared with changes in tidal volume.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Dec 2014
Meta AnalysisDexmedetomidine Reduces the Risk of Delirium, Agitation and Confusion in Critically Ill Patients: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Delirium frequently is observed in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) and is associated strongly with a poor outcome. Dexmedetomidine seems to reduce time to extubation and ICU stay without detrimental effects on mortality. The objective of the authors' study was to evaluate the effect of this drug on delirium, agitation, and confusion in the ICU setting. ⋯ This meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies suggests that dexmedetomidine could help to reduce delirium in critically ill patients.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Dec 2014
Observational StudyPleth Variability Index Predicts Fluid Responsiveness in Mechanically Ventilated Adults During General Anesthesia for Noncardiac Surgery.
To investigate whether the pleth variability index (PVI), derived noninvasively from a pulse oximeter probe, would predict fluid responsiveness in patients undergoing noncardiac surgeries. ⋯ Pleth variability index is predictive of fluid responsiveness in adult patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.