Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
-
J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Jan 2021
Speckle- Tracking Echocardiography for the Staging of Diastolic Dysfunction: The Correlation Between Strain-Based Indices and the Severity of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction.
Left ventricular diastolic function can be assessed by various methods. Tissue Doppler imaging is among the most commonly used techniques. However, this imaging is angle- dependent, affected by loading conditions, and susceptible to myocardial tethering. Speckle- tracking echocardiography also can measure strain-based indices to assess diastolic function, and it has fewer limitations than tissue Doppler imaging. Using speckle- tracking echocardiography, the authors evaluated the correlation between the stage of diastolic dysfunction and strain-based indices in patients undergoing cardiac surgery to determine whether strain-based indices can be used intraoperatively to identify the extent of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. ⋯ Intraoperatively measured early diastolic peak longitudinal strain rate and tissue deceleration time correlated with the severity of diastolic dysfunction in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
-
J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Jan 2021
Airway Abnormalities in Patients With Congenital Heart Disease: Incidence and Associated Factors.
Airway abnormalities complicate the perioperative course of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The literature describing airway abnormalities in those patients is scarce. This study aimed to determine the incidence of airway abnormalities in CHD patients and identify associated factors, genetic syndromes, and cardiac diagnoses. ⋯ The likelihood of a coexistent airway abnormality should be considered in premature CHD patients, weight <10 kg, and in those with specific cardiac lesions and a concomitant genetic syndrome. Preoperative identification of patients at high risk of airway abnormalities is useful in planning their perioperative airway management.
-
J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Jan 2021
Observational StudyInternal Jugular Vein Cannulation Using a 3-Dimensional Ultrasound Probe in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: Comparison Between Biplane View and Short-Axis View.
To compare the clinical performance in terms of procedure time, success rate, and cannulation attempts between ultrasound biplane view (BPX) and short-axis (SAX) view for internal jugular vein cannulation (IJV) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. ⋯ The results suggested that the BPX view may be a safer, feasible and more reliable method than the SAX view for IJV cannulation in cardiac surgical patients.
-
J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Jan 2021
Sugammadex Neuromuscular Blockade Reversal Associated With Lower Postoperative Arterial Carbon Dioxide Levels After Congenital Cardiac Surgery.
To compare postoperative arterial blood gas samples and requirement for respiratory support between patients who received sugammadex versus neostigmine reversal before extubation after congenital cardiac surgery. ⋯ Sugammadex reversal was associated with lower postoperative PaCO2 values. In addition, sugammadex reversal was associated with less need for noninvasive positive- pressure ventilation in 2-ventricle patients. The magnitude of the effect appears modest, therefore the clinical significance remains unclear. Additional studies focused on investigating particular patient populations, such as infants, single-ventricle congenital heart disease, or patients with pulmonary hypertension, are needed to identify whether these patients appreciate a greater benefit from sugammadex reversal.
-
J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Jan 2021
Incidence of Ischemic Optic Neuropathy After Cardiopulmonary Bypass: 20-Year Experience.
This study evaluated the incidence and risk factors for ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) as a complication of cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). ⋯ The incidence of ION decreased from 6 per 10,000 in the authors' previous study from 1976-1994 to 0.22 per 10,000 in the present study. Because of the low incidence of this dreaded complication, the authors were not able to identify risk factors for ION. Practice improvements (eg, transition to membrane oxygenators, blood transfusion guidelines, less- invasive surgical options for high-risk patients) during the time between the authors' studies likely affected the incidence reduction.