Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
-
J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2022
ReviewScoring Systems for Risk Stratification in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery.
Cardiac surgery is associated with significant mortality rates. Careful selection of surgical candidates is, therefore, vital to optimize morbidity and mortality outcomes. Risk scores can be used to inform this decision-making process. ⋯ There are many other scoring systems in existence; however, no perfect scoring system exists, therefore, additional research is needed as clinicians strive toward a more idealized risk stratification model. The purpose of this review is to discuss the advantages and limitations of some of the most commonly used risk stratification systems and use this to determine what an ideal scoring system might look like. This includes not only the generalizability of available scores but also their ease of use and predictive power.
-
J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2022
ReviewThe Year in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia: Selected Highlights from 2021.
This special article is the fourteenth in an annual series for the Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. The authors thank the Editor-in-Chief, Dr. Kaplan, and the editorial board for the opportunity to continue this series; namely, the research highlights of the past year in the specialty of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesiology. ⋯ The fourth and final theme is an update in heart failure, with discussion of diverse aspects of this area. The themes selected for this fourteenth special article are only a few of the diverse advances in the specialty during 2021. These highlights will inform the reader of key updates on a variety of topics, leading to improvement of perioperative outcomes for patients with cardiothoracic and vascular disease.
-
J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2022
ReviewPerioperative Implications of the 2020 American Heart Association Scientific Statement on Drug-Induced Arrhythmias-A Focused Review.
The recently released American Heart Association (AHA) scientific statement on drug-induced arrhythmias discussed medications commonly associated with bradycardia, supraventricular tachycardias, and ventricular arrhythmias. The foundational data for this statement were collected from general outpatient and inpatient populations. Patients undergoing surgical and minimally invasive treatments are a unique subgroup, because they may experience hemodynamic changes associated with anesthesia and their procedure, receive multiple drug combinations not given in either inpatient or outpatient settings, or experience postprocedural inflammatory syndromes. ⋯ In many instances, the risk of arrhythmia reported by the AHA scientific statement in the general population appeared to be higher than found in perioperative arenas. Furthermore, the authors discuss the arrhythmia risk of additional medications commonly ordered or administered by anesthesiologists that are not included in the AHA scientific statement. As patient and procedural complexity increases and novel anesthetic combinations propagate, further research and observational studies will be required to delineate further perioperative risks for drug-induced arrhythmia.
-
Up to one-third of all patients admitted to intensive care units carry a diagnosis of shock. The use of angiotensin II is becoming widespread in all forms of shock, including cardiogenic, after the U. ⋯ Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) initial approval for vasoplegic shock in 2017. Here, the authors review the literature on angiotensin II's mechanism of action, benefits, and future therapeutic opportunities.
-
J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2022
Randomized Controlled TrialA Novel Method for Ultrasound-Guided Central Catheter Placement-Supraclavicular Brachiocephalic Vein Catheterization Versus Jugular Catheterization: A Prospective Randomized Study.
To assess the superiority of a novel ultrasound-guided central venous catheterization technique, supraclavicular brachiocephalic catheterization, compared to jugular vein catheterization. ⋯ Although not superior to the standard internal jugular approach, the novel supraclavicular approach proved to be a noninferior method for central venous cannulation.