Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Jun 2004
Central venous catheter-related blood stream infections: incidence, risk factors, outcome, and associated pathogens.
To determine the incidence, risk factors, outcome, and pathogens of central venous catheter-related bloodstream infections (CVC-BSIs). ⋯ By univariate analysis, the risk factors for CVC-BSI were use of multilumen catheters, duration of catheterization, total ventilation hours, IABC, emergency surgery, APACHE II score, coexistent infections, and steroids. On multivariate analysis, duration of catheterization, IABC, coexistent infections, and temperature were independent predictors of CVC-BSI. The mortality was increased with CVC-BSI.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Jun 2004
Cerebral ischemia caused by obstructed superior vena cava cannula is detected by near-infrared spectroscopy.
Bicaval venous cannulation is being used with increasing frequency in neonates and infants to avoid circulatory arrest. However, superior vena cava (SVC) cannula obstruction may result in cerebral ischemia with no change in blood pressure or mixed venous O2 saturation. The authors hypothesized that near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) would allow noninvasive detection of SVC cannula obstruction. ⋯ SVC cannula obstruction causes cerebral ischemia with no change in blood pressure or venous oxygen saturation. In view of the difficulties and risks of CVP monitoring in babies, it is recommended to use other monitoring modalities such as NIRS to assess adequacy of cerebral perfusion if bicaval cannulation is used in neonates and infants.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Jun 2004
Magnesium deficiency alters the threshold for epinephrine-induced arrhythmias during halothane or sevoflurane anesthesia in the rat.
To determine the effect of chronic magnesium (Mg2+) deficiency on the relative arrhythmogenicity of halothane and sevoflurane in the rat. ⋯ Chronic Mg2+ deficiency decreased the threshold for epinephrine-induced arrhythmias and attenuated differences between the arrhythmogenic potential of halothane and sevoflurane, suggesting that arrhythmias are as likely to develop with sevoflurane as with halothane in the presence of coexisting magnesium deficiency and elevated catecholamines.