Pediatric neurosurgery
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Pediatric neurosurgery · Jan 2011
Review Comparative StudyDecompressive hemicraniectomy for pediatric traumatic brain injury: long-term outcome based on quality of life.
The impact of decompressive hemicraniectomy (DCH) on the overall outcome of pediatric brain injury patients has not been fully determined. In this paper, the authors performed a systematic review of patient outcome based on quality of life following DCH in a pediatric population. ⋯ Based on our findings, DCH results in a majority of pediatric patients having a good outcome based on the GOS score.
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Pediatric neurosurgery · Jan 2011
Review Case ReportsParoxysmal autonomic instability with dystonia in a child: rare manifestation of an interpeduncular tuberculoma.
The term 'paroxysmal autonomic instability with dystonia' was first given for a group of symptoms comprising diaphoresis, intermittent agitation, hypertension, hyperthermia, tachycardia, tachypnea, and extensor posturing. This usually occurs as a complication of severe brain injury and is infrequently reported in cases of cerebral infection. We report a 1-year-old child with intracranial tuberculoma with symptoms of paroxysmal autonomic instability with dystonia. Pertinent literature is reviewed emphasizing pathophysiology and available treatment options.
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Pediatric neurosurgery · Jan 2011
Comparative StudyProtective effects of edaravone on experimental spinal cord injury in rats.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among youth and adults. Secondary injury mechanisms within the spinal cord (SC) are well known to cause deterioration after an acute impact. Free radical scavengers are among the most studied agents in animal models of SCI. Edaravone is a scavenger of hydroxyl radicals. ⋯ Our biochemical analyses indicate that edaravone is capable of blunting the increased oxidative stress that follows SCI. We show, for the first time, that edaravone enhances the TAC in SC tissue. This beneficial effect of edaravone on antioxidant status may act to minimize the secondary neurological damage that occurs during the acute phase after SCI.
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Pediatric neurosurgery · Jan 2011
Review Case ReportsInitial experience with the use of remote control monitoring and general anesthesia during radiosurgery for pediatric patients.
The demand for general anesthesia in pediatric radiosurgery has been increasing, but the issues involved are not highlighted well in the medical literature. We developed remotely controlled monitoring and anesthesia techniques, and applied our system to three pediatric patients who underwent Gamma Knife radiosurgery with automated settings. Based on the perioperative safety management, the following issues are of considerable concern: to avoid emotional trauma associated with the treatment, to secure airway patency in a variety of head positions, and to apply all standard monitors. In this report, we describe the details of our project with a comprehensive literature review.
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Pediatric neurosurgery · Jan 2011
Perioperative factors associated with prolonged intensive care unit and hospital length of stay after pediatric neurosurgery.
This study aims to describe the association between different postoperative complications and the length of hospital stay among children undergoing neurosurgical procedures. ⋯ In this study population, most elective neurosurgical procedures were not associated with significant complications, and morbidity and mortality were low. Some complications significantly influenced patients' outcomes and should be monitored for early diagnosis. This study may improve our understanding and identification of postoperative outcomes in pediatric neurosurgery.