American heart journal
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American heart journal · Mar 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialA randomized controlled trial of oxygen therapy in acute myocardial infarction Air Verses Oxygen In myocarDial infarction study (AVOID Study).
The role of routine supplemental oxygen for patients with uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has recently been questioned. There is conflicting data on the possible effects of hyperoxia on ischemic myocardium. The few clinical trials examining the role of oxygen in AMI were performed prior to the modern approach of emergent reperfusion and advanced medical management. ⋯ There is an urgent need for clinical trials examining the role of oxygen in AMI. AVOID will seek to clarify this important issue. Results from this study may have widespread implications on the treatment of AMI and the use of oxygen in both the pre-hospital and hospital settings.
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American heart journal · Mar 2012
Review Meta AnalysisImmediate and late outcome of patients aged 80 years and older undergoing isolated aortic valve replacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 48 studies.
This study was planned to evaluate the outcome of patients ≥80 years old undergoing isolated conventional aortic valve replacement (AVR). ⋯ Immediate postoperative mortality and morbidity after isolated AVR in patients ≥80 years old are rather low. Postoperatively mortality decreased even further in the most recent series. Importantly, isolated AVR in these high-risk patients was associated with good late survival. These findings suggest that advanced age alone cannot be considered as a contraindication to conventional isolated AVR and that any new valve prosthesis implanted in these patients should be durable enough to guarantee the results so far offered by conventional surgery.
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American heart journal · Mar 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyComparison of clinical and angiographic prognostic risk scores in patients with acute coronary syndromes: Analysis from the Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage StrategY (ACUITY) trial.
Several prognostic risk scores have been developed for patients with coronary artery disease, but their comparative use in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been examined. We therefore investigated the accuracy of the Synergy Between PCI With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score, Clinical Synergy Between PCI With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery score (CSS), New Risk Stratification (NERS) score (NERS), Age, Creatinine, Ejection Fraction (ACEF) score, Global Registry for Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score, and Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) score for risk assessment of 1-year mortality, cardiac mortality, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, and stent thrombosis in patients with NSTEACS undergoing PCI. ⋯ In patients with NSTEACS undergoing PCI, risk scores incorporating clinical and angiographic variables had the highest predictive accuracy for a broad spectrum of ischemic end points.
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American heart journal · Mar 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyRandomized, double-blind pilot study of transendocardial injection of autologous aldehyde dehydrogenase-bright stem cells in patients with ischemic heart failure.
The optimal type of stem cell for use in patients with ischemic heart disease has not been determined. A primitive population of bone marrow-derived hematopoietic cells has been isolated by the presence of the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase and comprises a multilineage mix of stem and progenitor cells. Aldehyde dehydrogenase-bright (ALDH(br)) cells have shown promise in promoting angiogenesis and providing perfusion benefits in preclinical ischemia studies. We hypothesize that ALDH(br) cells may be beneficial in treating ischemic heart disease and thus conducted the first randomized, controlled, double-blind study to assess the safety of the transendocardial injection of autologous ALDH(br) cells isolated from the bone marrow in patients with advanced ischemic heart failure. ⋯ We provide preliminary evidence that treatment with the novel cell population, ALDH(br) cells, is safe and may provide perfusion and functional benefits in patients with chronic myocardial ischemia.
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American heart journal · Mar 2012
Comparative StudySex differences in in-hospital mortality in acute decompensated heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction.
There are no sex-specific survival comparisons between patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced and those with preserved ejection fraction. Large registries noting women have better survival than men combined HF patients with reduced and preserved EF. Other registries that compared patients with reduced and preserved EF did not analyze their data by sex. We sought to evaluate sex/EF differences in mortality and risk factors for survival in hospitalized patients with HF. ⋯ In a large, multicenter registry, we found that despite differences in baseline characteristics, women and men with reduced and preserved EF have similar in-hospital mortality and risk factors predicting death.