Internal medicine
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Anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) encephalitis is a treatable form of limbic encephalitis, marked by frequent focal seizures and cognitive decline (particularly memory disturbance); however, it can be difficult to diagnose in patients with subtle cognitive decline. Ictal pouting, a rare seizure feature, has not yet been reported in anti-LGI1 encephalitis. ⋯ Steroid treatment alone resolved seizures and improved subtle visual memory. Middle-aged and older patients experiencing subacute-onset frequent focal seizures should be thoroughly evaluated for memory disturbances to determine the need for anti-LGI1 antibody measurement.
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Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has become the standard procedure for patients with angina and acute coronary syndrome. From the perspective of technology and technique, PCI has advanced over the last four decades, resulting in considerably improved clinical outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease in the current era. In this review article, we summarize recent advances, promising technologies, and areas for research in the field of PCI.
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Abnormalities in genes on the X chromosome or large defects in the X chromosome itself cause X-linked intellectual disability. The proband was a 27-year-old man. His medical history included strabismus, cryptorchidism, and severe intellectual disabilities. ⋯ The lateral and fourth ventricles were dilated using computed tomography. CGG repeats in the 5' untranslated region of FMR1 gene were normal. G-banding and spectral karyotyping revealed a novel unbalanced X-autosomal translocation, with a karyotype of 46,Y,der (X) t (X;9) (p22.33;p12); distal trisomy of 9p and distal Xp nullisomy.
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Red yeast rice has been highlighted as a health-food ingredient that reduces serum cholesterol levels. Recently, an increased number of cases of renal impairment induced by a supplement containing red yeast rice have been reported in Japan. ⋯ An 83-year-old woman with advanced diabetic kidney disease experienced further deterioration of her renal function after supplementation with red yeast rice. We herein report cases of acute kidney injury likely induced by a supplement containing red yeast rice.
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Introduction Short-term levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) treatment using nasojejunal (NJ) tubes (NJ-LCIG test) is recommended for patients with advanced Parkinson's disease to ensure compatibility with this treatment system prior to permanent percutaneous endoscopic gastrojejunostomy. However, there have been no studies on NJ tube insertion by neurologists or on possible differences in treatment efficacy based on the NJ tube insertion method or tube tip position. We therefore investigated the effects of LCIG with NJ tube placement performed by a neurologist. ⋯ The off time decreased significantly after the NJ-LCIG test (pre-NJ-LCIG test, 6.6 h [5.1-8.1] vs. post-NJ-LCIG test, 2.0 h [0.8-3.5], p<0.01). There was no difference in effectiveness based on the site of NJ tube tip placement. Conclusion Our results suggest that neurologists can place NJ tubes and that the NJ-LCIG test can also improve off-time, regardless of the placement site.