Surgery today
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Haloperidol prophylaxis does not prevent postoperative delirium in elderly patients: a randomized, open-label prospective trial.
Postoperative delirium is the most common postoperative complication in the elderly. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the preventive administration of low-dose haloperidol on the development of postoperative delirium after abdominal or orthopedic surgery in elderly patients. ⋯ The preventive administration of low-dose haloperidol did not induce any adverse events, but also did not significantly decrease the incidence or severity of postoperative delirium or shorten its persistence.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Short-term intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis for elective rectal cancer surgery: results of a prospective randomized non-inferiority trial.
To investigate the non-inferiority of postoperative single-dose intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis to multiple-dose intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis in terms of the incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) in patients undergoing elective rectal cancer surgery by a prospective randomized study. ⋯ The incidence of SSIs was not significantly different in patients undergoing elective rectal surgery who were treated using a single dose of postoperative antibiotics compared to those treated using multiple-dose antibiotics when preoperative mechanical and chemical bowel preparations were employed.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Randomized prospective trial comparing clinical outcomes 3 years after surgery by Marcy repair and Prolene Hernia System repair for adult indirect inguinal hernia.
The use of mesh in the surgical repair of adult indirect inguinal hernias is widely recommended in Western countries, but no randomized controlled trials have so far been reported in Japan. The purpose of the present randomized prospective trial was to compare a mesh method with non-mesh method for surgical repair of primary adult indirect inguinal hernias in which the diameter of the internal inguinal ring was up to 3.0 cm (I-1 or I-2 of Japanese Hernia Society Classification). ⋯ This randomized prospective trial of I-1 and I-2 inguinal hernias suggests that Marcy repair is not inferior to PHS repair. A large-scale randomized controlled trial appears warranted to confirm whether to use mesh for Japanese adult I-1 and I-2 hernias.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Paravertebral block via the surgical field versus epidural block for patients undergoing thoracotomy: a randomized clinical trial.
A paravertebral block (PVB) given via the surgical field can be safer and technically simpler than an epidural block (EP) for postoperative pain control. We conducted this clinical trial to confirm the effectiveness of PVB after thoracotomy. ⋯ PVB may replace EP for postoperative pain control because of its technical simplicity and safety.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Enhanced recovery in the management of mild gallstone pancreatitis: a prospective cohort study.
The aim of this study was to establish enhanced recovery protocols for the management of mild gallstone pancreatitis. ⋯ The implementation of enhanced recovery protocols is feasible in the management of mild gallstone pancreatitis. The utilization of these protocols can achieve shorter hospital stays and reduced costs, with no increase in either the re-admission or peri-operative complication rates.