Work : a journal of prevention, assessment, and rehabilitation
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This study aims to describe how anesthesia teams handle unforeseen events that may affect the patients' health. More precisely, it investigates the mechanisms of decisions made by anesthesia teams to manage unthought-of situations, i.e. situations that have not been foreseen as "possible" ones before their occurrence. ⋯ They support the hypothesis of a collective cognitive trade-off, whereby teams would behave as virtual operators, with their own collective trade-off between "understanding" and "doing". The discussion of the results questions the assessment criteria, the safety perspectives we adopt and the possible ways to improve the management of unforeseen situations.
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Despite work organizations' attempts to reduce sexual harassment, it continues to be a salient issue for employers across all occupations. Extending social disorganization theory to the work environment, this study examines the relationship between workplace organization, social ties, and sexual harassment victimization. ⋯ This study demonstrates that workplace characteristics are related to sexual harassment risk in the workplace. Suggestions for sexual harassment prevention, including management and organizational strategies, are discussed.
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Abstract Occupational driving has often been associated with a high prevalence of back pain. Buses constitute the backbone of the local transportation; so many people are engaged in the profession. The present study was to investigate the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) and due to that problem whether their social and professional life hampers or not. ⋯ Sit and reach test and posture analysis also support this finding. This result is an absolute reflection of the alarming situations of the Kolkata bus drivers. It can be concluded that the bus drivers are highly stressed due to the hazardous working conditions, which in turn may additionally affects their health and overall work performance in the long run.
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Endotracheal Intubation (ETI) is an airway procedure commonly used to secure the airway for a variety of medical conditions. Proficiency in ETI procedures requires significant clinical experience and insufficient data currently exists describing the physical ergonomics of successful direct laryngoscopy. The research objectives of this study were to examine how ETI time, error and practitioner biomechanics varied among clinical experience levels and hospital bed heights. ⋯ Expert participants exhibited less ulnar deviation and forearm supination during task trials, as well as a higher utilization of the bicep brachii and anterior deltoid muscles. Expert grasped instrumentation differently, requiring less wrist manipulation required to achieve ideal instrument positions. By encouraging ergonomic best-practices in hand and arm postures during ETI training, the opportunity exists to improve patient safety and reduce the learning curve associated with ETI procedures.
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This study was designed to empirically examine the effects of iPod device and text-messaging activities on driver distraction. Sixty participants were asked to perform a driving simulation task while searching for songs using an iPod device or text messaging. Driving errors as measured by lane deviations were recorded and analyzed as a function of the distracters. ⋯ Increased numbers of driving errors were recorded during the iPod and text-messaging phases than the pre- and post-allocation phases. Higher levels of Theta activity were also observed during the iPod and Text-messaging phase than the pre- and post-allocation phases. Implications for in-vehicle systems design, training, and safety are also discussed.