Acta paediatrica
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Kangaroo Mother Care, home environment and father involvement in the first year of life: a randomized controlled study.
This study tested the hypothesis that Kangaroo Mother Care creates a climate in the family, which enhances infants' performance on the developmental quotient scale. ⋯ Kangaroo Mother Care has a positive impact on home environment. The results also suggest, first, that both parents should be involved as direct caregivers in the Kangaroo Mother Care procedure and secondly, that this intervention should be directed more specifically at infants who are more at risk at birth. The Kangaroo Mother Care intervention could be an excellent means to ensure parents' mature involvement in the future of their children.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Low-carbohydrate (low & high-fat) versus high-carbohydrate low-fat diets in the treatment of obesity in adolescents.
To compare the impact of low-carbohydrate diets of different fat content to high-carbohydrate low-fat diet on weight and metabolic parameters in obese adolescents. ⋯ All diet regimens are associated with a significant reduction in BMI and improvement of some metabolic parameters in obese adolescents. Low-carbohydrate diets apparently have no advantage over high-carbohydrate low-fat diets. The significant drop in insulin level and HOMA in the low carbohydrate diet groups is noteworthy given the increasing frequency of type-2 diabetes as part of metabolic syndrome in children and youth. The impact of low carbohydrate diets in obese and insulin-resistant youth warrants further investigation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting in children--a prospective randomized double-blind study.
Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common complications related to surgery and anaesthesia. The aim of this study was to assess whether sevoflurane, with or without the use of an antiemetic such as ondansetron, increases or not the incidence of PONV in children. ⋯ We found that the use of ondansetron did not change the incidence of PONV, the avoidance of opioids and the adequate analgesia may contribute to this. Post-operative oral intake of liquid, (within the first 4 h), increases the risk for PONV.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Seeing through the blind! Ability of hospital staff to differentiate morphine from placebo, in neonates at a placebo controlled trial.
To investigate whether professional training and/or clinical experience affect the ability of caregiver to assess clinical signs of pre-emptive morphine analgesia. ⋯ Clinical medical staffs, including neonatologists, have great difficulties in assessing the presence and severity of pain. Further studies should focus on the methods for assessment of prolonged pain in preterm neonates, define the effects of adequate analgesia, and investigate the clinical factors that may alter neonatal responses to acute and prolonged pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Saccharomyces boulardii in acute childhood diarrhoea: a randomized, placebo-controlled study.
To evaluate the efficacy of the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) as an adjuvant to oral rehydration solution (ORS) in shortening the duration of acute infectious gastroenteritis in children less than 2 years old in ambulatory care. ⋯ S. boulardii as an adjuvant to ORS in ambulatory care in children less than 2 years old with mild or moderate acute diarrhoea decreased the duration of diarrhoea, accelerated recovery and reduced the risk of prolonged diarrhoea. The data also indicate increased efficacy if S. boulardii is administered within the first 48 h of the onset of diarrhoea.