American journal of surgery
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Informed consent is an ethical concept that is codified in the law and is in daily practice at every health care institution. Three fundamental criteria are needed for clinical informed consent: the patient must be competent, adequately informed and not coerced. Physician-patient interaction is rooted in the ethical concept of beneficence, but over the 19th and 20th centuries, case law and societal changes brought respect for autonomy and with it--informed consent. This article briefly reviews the basics of informed consent, when is it required, how did informed consent evolve into what it is today and what can the surgeon do to truly achieve informed consent.
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Mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes results in an elevated risk for developing both breast and ovarian cancers over the lifetime of affected carriers. General surgeons may be faced with questions about surgical risk reduction and survival benefit of prophylactic surgery. ⋯ Clinical management of patients at increased risk for breast cancer requires consideration of risk, patient preference, and quality of life.
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Mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes results in an elevated risk for developing both breast and ovarian cancers over the lifetime of affected carriers. General surgeons may be faced with questions about surgical risk reduction and survival benefit of prophylactic surgery. ⋯ Clinical management of patients at increased risk for breast cancer requires consideration of risk, patient preference, and quality of life.
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Review Meta Analysis Comparative Study
A systematic review comparing laparoscopic vs open adhesiolysis in patients with adhesional small bowel obstruction.
To evaluate whether surgical outcomes differ between laparoscopic vs open approach for adhesiolysis in patients presenting with adhesional small bowel obstruction (ASBO). ⋯ Laparoscopic adhesiolysis for ASBO seems to have clinically proven advantage over open approach.
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Review Meta Analysis
A systematic review of the treatment for abdominal cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome.
Abdominal cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES) is a frequently overlooked cause of chronic abdominal pain. We aim to outline the current available literature concerning the treatment of patients diagnosed with ACNES. ⋯ There is significant pain relief after injections and anterior neurectomy. Awareness of the diagnosis is important. The validity of currently used diagnostic criteria needs to be evaluated in additional studies.