Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2001
Bispectral index monitoring in children undergoing mild hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass.
In this prospective, cohort study of 15 children (median age 7.7 years, range 4.9-16.5 years) undergoing atrial septal defect repair, we evaluated changes in the Bispectral index (BIS) as a potential monitor of level of consciousness during cardiac anaesthesia. ⋯ The increase in BIS during the rewarming phase could reflect an increase in conscious level, and is consistent with the reported risk for awareness during this phase of cardiac surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2001
Comparative StudyIs the sitting or the prone position best for surgery for posterior fossa tumours in children?
The aim of this study was to compare complications in children operated for posterior fossa tumours in the sitting position with those in the prone position. ⋯ PFT surgery in the sitting position in children is not associated with an increased number or severity of perioperative complications, while the postoperative course appears better in this position.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2001
ReviewReview of ethics in paediatric anaesthesia: intensive care issues.
This is the third of a series of three articles examining the recent changes in the law in relation to ethics and the practice of paediatric anaesthesia. The review covers, in a practical question and answer format, the topics of consent, research, intensive care issues and organ donation in children.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2001
Case ReportsCombination propofol-ketamine anaesthesia in sick neonates.
Two critically ill, opioid-tolerant neonates were anaesthetized using pancuronium and a mixture of propofol (PROP) and ketamine (KET). Three mg of KET were added per ml (10 mg) of PROP in a single syringe and infused at a rate of 100-150 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1) of the PROP component (30-45 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1) KET). ⋯ Both patients remained haemodynamically stable throughout their surgical procedures. PROP-KET is a rational and effective combination for intravenous anaesthesia in critically ill neonates who are likely to be opioid-tolerant when an anaesthesia vaporizer is not readily available.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2001
Determination of the median effective concentration (EC50) of propofol during oesophagogastroduodenoscopy in children.
Propofol is commonly used to provide anaesthesia for children undergoing oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD). Despite this, the plasma concentration-response relationships for propofol used in this setting have not been established. ⋯ The plasma propofol concentration associated with adequate anaesthesia for OGD in 50% of unpremedicated children is 3.55 microg.ml(-1). This concentration is higher than that required for OGD in adult patients.