Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2005
Clinical TrialOne lung ventilation in infants and children: experience with Marraro double lumen tube.
Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of selective bronchial intubation and independent lung ventilation during thoracic surgery in children up to 3 years, using a double lumen tube. ⋯ The double lumen tube appears to be very effective in allowing one lung ventilation in this age group during thoracic surgery.
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The ProSeal (PLMA) is a new laryngeal mask device with a modified cuff to improve the seal and a drain tube to provide access to the gastrointestinal tract. We assessed the performance of the size 2 (which has no dorsal cuff) and size 3 (which has a dorsal cuff) in terms of insertion success, efficacy of seal, tidal volume, gas exchange, fiberoptic position, gastric tube placement and frequency of problems. ⋯ The PLMA is an effective airway device in children and isolates the glottis from the esophagus when correctly positioned. Despite the lack of a dorsal cuff, the performance of the size 2 was similar to the size 3 PLMA in the age groups tested.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2005
Rescue sedation with dexmedetomidine for diagnostic imaging: a preliminary report.
Sedation is frequently required during noninvasive radiological imaging in children. Although commonly used agents such as chloral hydrate and midazolam are generally effective, failures may occur. The authors report their experience with dexmedetomidine for rescue sedation during magnetic resonance imaging. ⋯ Our preliminary experience suggests that dexmedetomidine may be an effective agent for procedural sedation during radiological imaging. Its potential application in this setting is discussed and other reports regarding its use in pediatric patients are reviewed.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2005
Pediatric sedation in North American children's hospitals: a survey of anesthesia providers.
Information about the existence and organization of pediatric sedation services in North America is not available. We conducted a survey to collect this information from anesthesiologists at pediatric institutions and to identify factors perceived as limiting the development of sedation services. ⋯ Propofol use by nonanesthesiologists is common. Addressing the shortage of providers, and allocating resources for credentialing providers will encourage further development of pediatric sedation practice.