Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2011
Characterizing the behavior of children emerging with delirium from general anesthesia.
Emergence delirium (ED) frequently occurs in young children awakening from general anesthesia (GA). To date, research is limited by scales that are unable to discriminate the condition from other forms of agitation. ⋯ Children with ED are significantly more likely to display nonpurposefulness, eyes averted, stared or closed, and nonresponsivity. These behaviors were not significantly associated with pain or tantrum and are believed to reflect the DSM-IV/V diagnostic criteria for delirium. Associated behaviors of ED identified by this research are irrelevant language, activity, and vocalization.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2011
Preoperative anxiety in adolescents undergoing surgery: a pilot study.
The purpose of this study was to conduct a prospective assessment of preoperative anxiety in adolescents undergoing surgery. ⋯ A large proportion of adolescents experience significant anxiety that increases from the preoperative holding area to anesthesia induction. Underlying baseline anxiety and depression as well somatization and fearful temperament are predictors of this phenomenon.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2011
Neurodevelopmental outcome following exposure to sedative and analgesic drugs for complex cardiac surgery in infancy.
To determine whether sedation/analgesia drugs used before, during, and after infant cardiac surgery are associated with neurodevelopmental outcome. ⋯ We found no evidence of an association between dose and duration of sedation/analgesia drugs during the operative and perioperative period and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2011
Excess comorbidities associated with malignant hyperthermia diagnosis in pediatric hospital discharge records.
Case reports have linked malignant hyperthermia (MH) to several genetic diseases. ⋯ Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue are significantly associated with MH diagnosis in children. Further research is warranted to determine the clinical utility of these comorbidities in assessing MH susceptibility in children.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2011
Cardiac arrest upon induction of anesthesia in children with cardiomyopathy: an analysis of incidence and risk factors.
It is thought that patients with cardiomyopathy have an increased risk of cardiac arrest on induction of anesthesia, but there is little available data. The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence and potential risk factors for cardiac arrest upon induction of anesthesia in children with cardiomyopathy in our institution. ⋯ We performed a review of the last 10 years of anesthesia events in children with cardiomyopathy. We report four cardiac arrests in two patients and 236 anesthetic events (1.7%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest review of these patients to date but is limited by its retrospective nature. The low cardiac arrest incidence prevents the identification of risk factors and the development of a cardiac arrest risk predictive clinical tool.