Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2012
Historical ArticleThe early development of pediatric intensive care.
The polio epidemic in Copenhagen in 1952 was a significant stimulus to the development of Intensive Care. Eighty-five percent of the patients with respiratory involvement died despite the use of Cuirass negative pressure ventilators. After some controversy Ibsen, an anesthetist, was consulted. ⋯ Owing to the lack of positive pressure ventilators, this was undertaken by students who contributed 167,000 h of hand ventilation. The mortality decreased to 25%. Anesthetists, having special experience with ventilation, became the leaders in the field as Intensive Care developed.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2012
Isovolaemic hemodilution with gelatin and hydroxyethylstarch 130/0.42: effects on hemostasis in piglets.
Artificial colloids, frequently used to prevent hemorrhagic shock in children, impair blood coagulation. To determine the impact of acute isovolaemic hemodilution with artificial colloids on clot formation, we conducted an experimental study in a pediatric animal model. ⋯ Impairment of clot formation by moderate isovolaemic hemodilution did not significantly differ between ICS, GEL, and HES. Profound hemodilution of more than 50% of the estimated blood volume with GEL and HES caused significant impairment of clot formation in comparison to ICS and has to be considered when using high amounts of these synthetic colloids.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2012
Letter Case ReportsAnesthetic considerations in Netherton Syndrome.