Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2016
Observational StudyThe airway device preference may affect the overlapping of the common carotid artery by the internal jugular vein.
Anatomical variation in the internal jugular vein (IJV), as well as its small size, tendency to collapse, and proximity to the common carotid artery (CCA) makes central venous cannulation via the IJV a technically challenging procedure, especially in pediatric patients. ⋯ Laryngeal mask airway with 40° head rotation increases, whereas ETT decreases, the overlap percentage of CCA by IJV. Both head position and airway management methods have an influence on the overlap of the CCA by the IJV in pediatric patients.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2016
Case ReportsAnesthetic management of premature conjoined twins posted for nonseparation emergency surgery.
Craniopagus conjoined twins are rare, and the chance that an anesthesiologist might face the challenge of providing anesthesia for this condition is very rare. The incidence of conjoined twins ranges from 1 : 50 000 to 1 : 200 000 births. We describe the anesthetic management of a pair of premature craniopagus conjoined twins posted for emergency surgery prior to their separation.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2016
Case ReportsHigh-flow nasal cannula therapy and apnea time in laryngeal surgery.
In small children, high-flow nasal cannula therapy may prolong apnea time even when an inspiratory oxygen fraction below 100% is used. This will be beneficial in prolonged intubation attempts, but especially during procedures requiring prolonged apnea time, leading to fewer airway manipulations and markedly enhanced surgical conditions.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2016
Observational StudyMortality following congenital diaphragmatic hernia repair: the role of anesthesia.
Mortality following surgical repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) remains high. The volume and type of perioperative intravenous fluid administered, baro-trauma, oxygen toxicity, and the duration of anesthesia are thought to affect outcome in surgical populations. ⋯ Neither the volume of intraoperative fluids administered nor the duration of anesthesia was associated with postoperative death. The OI 24 h postsurgery was the best predictor of an increased risk of mortality.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2016
The influence of age on positions of the conus medullaris, Tuffier's line, dural sac, and sacrococcygeal membrane in infants, children, adolescents, and young adults.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the distances between the conus medullaris and the Tuffier's line, and between the dural sac and the sacrococcygeal membrane (SCM) in the same pediatric population. ⋯ In children, there is a distance of 1.5-4.75 vertebral body height between the conus medullaris and the Tuffier's line. However, these distances were narrower among younger populations. The distance between the dural sac and the upper limit of the SCM increased with age.