Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2022
Observational StudyCentral venous catheter-related thrombosis in pediatric surgical patients: A prospective observational study.
Perioperative central venous catheters are required but may be associated with various complications. ⋯ Internal jugular vein thrombosis was frequently detected by ultrasound following central venous catheterization in pediatric surgical patients. Multiple insertion attempts may be associated with the incidence of thrombosis. The clinical relevance of thrombi detected via ultrasound surveillance has not been determined.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2022
Observational StudyThe Relationship between Nitrous Oxide Sedation and Psychosocial Factors in the Pediatric Outpatient Setting.
Moderate sedation using nitrous oxide (N2 O) has become common in pediatric dentistry. However, less is known regarding the role of patients' characteristics and psychosocial factors in their cooperative behavior during dental procedures with N2 O. ⋯ In children sedated with N2 O, behavior was independent of the child's demographic and psychosocial factors. While sedated, demographics, vital signs, and anxiety did not contribute to behavior management. However, screening for parenting style may help predict the child's behavioral response.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2022
ReviewAnesthesia and neurotoxicity study design, execution, and reporting in the nonhuman primate: A systematic review.
Concern for a role of anesthesia in neurotoxicity in children originated from neonatal rodent and nonhuman primate (NHP) models, yet prospective clinical studies have largely not supported this concern. The goal of this study was to conduct an objective assessment of published NHP study rigor in design, execution, and reporting. ⋯ Important deficits in study design, execution, and reporting were identified in neonatal NHP studies. These results raise concern for the validity and reliability of these studies and may explain in part the divergence from results obtained in human neonates.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2022
Association between implementation of a coordinated care pathway in idiopathic scoliosis patients and a reduction in perioperative outcome disparities.
There are well-documented racial and ethnic disparities in treatment and perioperative outcomes for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. ⋯ Our study supports the hypothesis that use of a coordinated care pathway is associated with a reduction in racial and ethnic disparities in length of stay and pain scores in pediatric patients undergoing posterior spinal fusion.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2022
Impact of airway and a standardized recruitment maneuver on CT chest imaging quality in a pediatric population: A retrospective review.
When performing computerized tomography chest imaging in children, obtaining high quality, motion-free images is important in the accurate diagnosis of underlying pathology. General anesthesia is associated with the development of atelectasis, which can impair accurate diagnosis by obscuring or altering the appearance of the lung parenchyma or airways. Recruitment maneuvers, performed by anesthesiologists, can be used to effectively re-expand atelectatic lung. ⋯ The use of a cuffed endotracheal tube and a standardized recruitment maneuver is an effective way to reduce atelectasis as a result of general anesthesia. Anesthesiologists can actively contribute toward improved image quality through their choice of airway and recruitment maneuver.