Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2023
Effects of apparatus dead space on volumetric capnograms in neonates with healthy lungs: a simulation study.
Volumetric capnography in healthy ventilated neonates showed deformed waveforms, which are supposedly due to technological limitations of flow and carbon dioxide sensors. ⋯ The addition of a small apparatus dead space artificially deformed the volumetric capnograms in simulated neonates with healthy lungs.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2023
Review Meta AnalysisSupraglottic airway device versus tracheal tube for pediatric laparoscopic surgery-A systematic review and meta-analysis SGA for pediatric laparoscopy.
Conventionally, tracheal tubes have been used for general anesthesia in pediatric laparoscopic surgeries. Recently, supraglottic devices are being used for the same. The performance of supraglottic devices versus tracheal tubes in children undergoing laparoscopic surgery is uncertain. ⋯ There is low quality evidence to suggest that for pediatric laparoscopic surgeries of short duration, supraglottic devices could provide comparable intraoperative ventilation in terms of peak airway pressures and end tidal carbon dioxide, with lower odds of postoperative sore throat and faster recovery time when compared to tracheal tubes.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2023
Effect of tidal volume change on pressure-based prediction of fluid responsiveness in children.
It is known that pulse pressure variation and systolic pressure variation cannot predict fluid responsiveness in children. In adults, the ability of these dynamic parameters to predict fluid responsiveness is improved by increasing tidal volume. We planned to investigate whether pulse pressure variation or systolic pressure variation can predict fluid responsiveness in children when augmented by increasing tidal volume by conducting a prospective study. ⋯ Augmented pulse pressure variation or systolic pressure variation due to increased tidal volume cannot predict fluid responsiveness in children after simple cardiac surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2023
Early warning for SpO2 decrease by the oxygen reserve index in neonates and small infants.
Continuously assessing the oxygenation levels of patients to detect and prevent hypoxemia can be advantageous for safe anesthesia, especially in neonates and small infants. The oxygen reserve index (ORI) is a new parameter that can assess oxygenation through a relationship with arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2 ). The aim of this study was to examine whether the ORI provides a clinically relevant warning time for an impending SpO2 (pulse oximetry hemoglobin saturation) reduction in neonates and small infants. ⋯ The ORI provided an early warning time for detecting an impending SpO2 decrease in small infants and neonates in the defined interval in this study. However, the sensitivity of ORI to forewarn a SpO2 decrease and the agreement of the ORI with PaO2 intervals in this real-life scenario were too poor to recommend the ORI as a useful early warning indicator for this age group.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2023
A noninferiority trial on information-based video versus self-selected video distraction technique for preoperative anxiety reduction in school children: Prepare trial.
Distraction techniques using smartphones to watch cartoon videos and play videogames have been successfully used to reduce preoperative anxiety in school children. However, the literature about the use of video-based preoperative information technique for anxiety reduction in that age group still remains understudied with conflicting results. We hypothesized that there would be no meaningful difference in anxiety score at induction period between the information-based video versus self-selected video distraction technique. ⋯ Information-based technique using smart phone is non inferior to self-selected video-based distraction-based technique in decreasing PA with an additional advantage of decreasing postoperative short-term negative outcomes.