American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Feb 2021
A Chronicle of the 17OHP-C Story to Prevent Recurrent Preterm Birth.
Preterm birth is a substantial public health concern. In 2019, the US preterm birth rate was 10.23%, which is the fifth straight year of increase in this rate. Moreover, preterm birth accounts for approximately 1 in 6 infant deaths, and surviving children often suffer developmental delay or long-term neurologic impairment. ⋯ Importantly, the themes of the 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate story are not limited to obstetrics. It can also serve as a microcosm of issues within the US healthcare system, which ultimately contributes to the high cost of healthcare. In our opinion, the answer to the question is clear-the facts speak for themselves-and we believe 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate should not be endorsed for use to prevent recurrent preterm birth in the United States.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Feb 2021
Associations of gestational cardiovascular health with pregnancy outcomes: the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome study.
The American Heart Association's formal characterization of cardiovascular health combines several metrics in a health-oriented, rather than disease-oriented, framework. Although cardiovascular health assessment during pregnancy has been recommended, its significance for pregnancy outcomes is unknown. ⋯ More favorable cardiovascular health at 24 to 32 weeks' gestation was associated with lower risks for several adverse pregnancy outcomes in a multinational cohort.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Feb 2021
Assessment of evidence underlying guidelines by the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine.
The Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, sometimes together with the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, publishes guidelines utilizing the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system to rate the quality of evidence and assign the strength of its recommendations. The strength of recommendations is determined by the quality of evidence and 3 other strength determinants that are defined in this system. ⋯ Recommendations by the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine assessed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system were supported by high-quality evidence in 15% of cases. This suggests that well-designed, high-quality clinical trials remain a priority in obstetrics. Strong recommendations were often made on the basis of Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation strength determinants other than quality of evidence. Increased transparency of the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine's determination of strong recommendations based on strength determinants other than quality of the evidence may be useful to practicing clinicians.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Jan 2021
Practice GuidelineCounseling and surveillance of obstetrical risks for female childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors: recommendations from the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group.
Female childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors have an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes related to their cancer- or treatment-associated sequelae. Optimal care for childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors can be facilitated by clinical practice guidelines that identify specific adverse pregnancy outcomes and the clinical characteristics of at-risk subgroups. However, national guidelines are scarce and vary in content. ⋯ Survivors treated with radiotherapy to volumes exposing the uterus and their healthcare providers should be aware of the risk of adverse obstetrical outcomes such as miscarriage (moderate-quality evidence), premature birth (high-quality evidence), and low birthweight (high-quality evidence); therefore, high-risk obstetrical surveillance is recommended. Cardiomyopathy surveillance is reasonable before pregnancy or in the first trimester for all female survivors treated with anthracyclines and chest radiation. Female cancer survivors have increased risks of premature delivery and low birthweight associated with radiotherapy targeting the lower body and thereby exposing the uterus, which warrant high-risk pregnancy surveillance.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Jan 2021
Review Meta AnalysisVertical transmission of coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the current literature to determine estimates of vertical transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 based on early RNA detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 after birth from various neonatal or fetal sources and neonatal serology. ⋯ Vertical transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is possible and seems to occur in a minority of cases of maternal coronavirus disease 2019 infection in the third trimester. The rates of infection are similar to those of other pathogens that cause congenital infections. However, given the paucity of early trimester data, no assessment can yet be made regarding the rates of vertical transmission in early pregnancy and potential risk for consequent fetal morbidity and mortality.