Cell transplantation
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Cell transplantation · Jan 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialImproved cell survival and paracrine capacity of human embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote therapeutic potential for pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Although transplantation of adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) holds promise in the treatment for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), the poor survival and differentiation potential of adult BM-MSCs have limited their therapeutic efficiency. Here, we compared the therapeutic efficacy of human embryonic stem cell-derived MSCs (hESC-MSCs) with adult BM-MSCs for the treatment of PAH in an animal model. One week following monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH, mice were randomly assigned to receive phosphate-buffered saline (MCT group); 3.0×10(6) human BM-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs group) or 3.0×10(6) hESC-derived MSCs (hESC-MSCs group) via tail vein injection. ⋯ In addition, protein profiling of hESC-MSC- and BM-MSC-conditioned medium revealed a differential paracrine capacity. Classification of these factors into bioprocesses revealed that secreted factors from hESC-MSCs were preferentially involved in early embryonic development and tissue differentiation, especially blood vessel morphogenesis. We concluded that improved cell survival and paracrine capacity of hESC-MSCs provide better therapeutic efficacy than BM-MSCs in the treatment for PAH.
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Cell transplantation · Jan 2012
Long-term outcome of olfactory ensheathing cell therapy for patients with complete chronic spinal cord injury.
The neurorestorative effect of the parenchymal transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) for cord trauma remains clinically controversial. The aim of this article is to study the long-term result of OECs for patients with complete chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). One hundred and eight patients suffered from complete chronic SCI were followed up successfully within the period of 3.47 ± 1.12 years after OEC therapy. ⋯ Nine of them (8.33%) improved their walk ability or made them rewalk by using a walker with or without assistance; 12 of 84 men (14.29%) improved their sex function. 5) MRI examinations were taken for 31 patients; there were no neoplasm, bleeding, swelling, cysts, neural tissue destruction or infection (abscess) or any other pathological changes in or around OEC transplant sites. 6) EMG examinations were done on 31 patients; 29 showed improvement and the remaining 2 had no change. PVSEP tests were performed in 31 patients; 28 showed improvements and the remaining 3 had no change. 7) No deterioration or complications were observed in our patients within the follow-up period. Our data suggest OEC therapy is safe and can improve neurological functions for patients with complete chronic SCI and ameliorate their quality of life; the AMTENT most likely plays a critical role in enhancing functional recovery after cell-based neurorestorotherapy.
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Cell transplantation · Jan 2012
The effect of growth factors and soluble Nogo-66 receptor protein on transplanted neural stem/progenitor survival and axonal regeneration after complete transection of rat spinal cord.
Adult central mammalian axons show minimal regeneration after spinal cord injury due to loss of oligodendrocytes, demyelination of surviving axons, absence of growth-promoting molecules, and inhibitors of axonal outgrowth. In the present study, we attempted to address these impediments to regeneration by using a combinatory strategy to enhance cell survival and regeneration after complete spinal cord transection (SCT) in adult rats. The strategy comprised: 1) adult rat brain-derived neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) preseeded on laminin-coated chitosan channels; 2) extramedullary chitosan channels to promote axonal regrowth and reduce the barrier caused by scarring; 3) local delivery of a novel rat soluble Nogo-66 receptor protein [NgR(310)ecto-Fc, referred to as NgR] to block the inhibitory effect of myelin-based inhibitors; and 4) local delivery of basic fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor to enhance survival and promote differentiation of transplanted cells. ⋯ However, only a small number of descending corticospinal tract axons grew into the central portions of the bridges as shown by anterograde tracing of the corticospinal tract with BDA. The majority of the regenerated axons in the channels originated from local host neurons adjacent to the tissue bridges. In conclusion, we showed that growth factors increased survival of transplanted NSPCs whereas NgR enhanced axonal regeneration, but the combination did not have additive effects on functional recovery or regeneration.
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Cell transplantation · Jan 2012
Tissue augmentation by white blood cell-containing platelet-rich plasma.
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a matrix of fibrin and platelets that releases cytokines that are important in wound healing. PRP is produced from the patient's blood and therefore has less risk of allergic reaction and infection. We have obtained PRP with an enhanced white blood cell component (W-PRP) by optimizing the centrifugal separation of PRP from plasma. ⋯ Further augmentation occurred when bFGF was added to W-PRP, and there was a significant increase in the number of α-smooth muscle actin-positive cells in mice treated with W-PRP+bFGF. Our results suggest that W-PRP may have value in cosmetic surgery aimed at rejuvenation of wrinkled and sagging skin. W-PRP injection constitutes a new concept in cell transplantation, in which cells required for tissue regeneration are induced by cytokines released from the transplanted cells.
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Cell transplantation · Jan 2011
Locally administered adipose-derived stem cells accelerate wound healing through differentiation and vasculogenesis.
Despite advances in wound closure techniques and devices, there is still a critical need for new methods of enhancing the healing process to achieve optimal outcomes. Recently, stem cell therapy has emerged as a new approach to accelerate wound healing. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) hold great promise for wound healing, because they are multipotential stem cells capable of differentiation into various cell lineages and secretion of angiogenic growth factors. ⋯ These data suggest that ASCs not only contribute to cutaneous regeneration, but also participate in new vessels formation. Moreover, ASCs were found to secret angiogenic cytokines in vitro and in vivo, including VEGF, HGF, and FGF2, which increase neovascularization and enhance wound healing in injured tissues. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that ASC therapy could accelerate wound healing through differentiation and vasculogenesis and might represent a novel therapeutic approach in cutaneous wounds.