Mediators of inflammation
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Mediators of inflammation · Jan 2013
ReviewImmunoinflammatory response in critically ill patients: severe sepsis and/or trauma.
Immunoinflammatory response in critically ill patients is very complex. This review explores some of the new elements of immunoinflammatory response in severe sepsis, tumor necrosis factor-alpha in severe acute pancreatitis as a clinical example of immune response in sepsis, immune response in severe trauma with or without secondary sepsis, and genetic aspects of host immuno-inflammatory response to various insults in critically ill patients.
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Mediators of inflammation · Jan 2013
ReviewS100A8 and S100A9: DAMPs at the crossroads between innate immunity, traditional risk factors, and cardiovascular disease.
Amplification of innate immune responses by endogenous danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) promotes inflammation. The involvement of S100A8 and S100A9, DAMPs belonging to the S100 calgranulin family, in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease is attracting an increasing amount of interest. S100A8 and S100A9 (also termed MRP8 and MRP14) preferentially form the S100A8/A9 heterodimer (MRP8/14 or calprotectin) and are constitutively expressed in myeloid cells. ⋯ Elevated plasma levels of S100A8/A9 are associated with increased risk of future coronary events in healthy individuals and in myocardial infarction survivors. Thus, S100A8/A9 might represent a useful biomarker and therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease. Importantly, S100A8/A9 blockers have been developed and are approved for clinical testing.
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Mediators of inflammation · Jan 2013
Relationships of adiponectin with markers of systemic inflammation and insulin resistance in infants undergoing open cardiac surgery.
Insulin resistance and systemic inflammation frequently occur in infants undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, while adiponectin has been demonstrated to have insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this prospective study, we aimed to investigate the association of adiponectin with insulin resistance and inflammatory mediators in infants undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. ⋯ Although the level of serum adiponectin decreased significantly, there was a significant inverse association of adiponectin with markers of systemic inflammation and insulin resistance in infants undergoing open cardiac surgery.
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Mediators of inflammation · Jan 2013
Association of serum myeloid cells of soluble triggering receptor-1 level with myocardial dysfunction in patients with severe sepsis.
To investigate the association of serum sTREM-1 with myocardial dysfunction in patients with severe sepsis. ⋯ Serum sTREM-1 is significantly associated with myocardial dysfunction and may be a valuable tool for determining the presence of myocardial dysfunction in patients with severe sepsis.
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Mediators of inflammation · Jan 2013
Early serum procalcitonin level after primary total hip replacement.
Procalcitonin (PCT) is a useful surrogate marker for the differentiation of postoperative infection and unspecific inflammatory reaction after surgery. It is known that postoperative course of the PCT serum level varies with type of surgery. No data exists about the postoperative course of serum PCT levels after primary total hip replacement (THR). ⋯ Similar to observations in cardiothoracic, intestinal, and neural surgeries, postoperative course of PCT after primary THR showed a uniform low-level course with a peak at the second postoperative day but below expected levels in systemic infections.