The American journal of the medical sciences
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The present review aimed to present the research highlights on C1q/TNF-related protein 1 (CTRP1), a member of the recently discovered family of highly conserved adiponectin paralog proteins, C1q tumor necrosis factor-related proteins. CTRP1 plays an important role in regulating body energy homeostasis and sensitivity to insulin. Studies on animal models have shown that it lowers the concentration of glucose. ⋯ It also promotes atherosclerosis, and a surge in its concentration is correlated with a higher cardiovascular risk in patients with coronary atherosclerosis. In vascular smooth muscle cells, it induces the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. An increase in CTRP1 levels is correlated with the progression of the neoplastic process in patients with glioblastoma.
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The etiology of pleural effusions often remained unknown notwithstanding surgical pleural biopsy and further clinical observation. A better understanding of clinical characteristics of patients with idiopathic pleural effusion (IPE) may improve the ability to differentiate between IPEs and cytology-negative malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) and facilitate the identification of patients requiring invasive investigation. However, little is known about the clinical factors that can help distinguish patients with IPE from those with cytology-negative MPE. ⋯ Using these readily available parameters to identify IPE in patients with cytology-negative exudative effusion of unknown cause can help guide decision-making when choosing to perform an invasive pleural biopsy or to take a conservative approach.
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Review Case Reports
Hyposplenism, Hashimoto's Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Overlap Syndrome (Celiac Disease and Autoimmune Hepatitis Type 1).
Hyposplenism is associated with autoimmune diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, severe celiac disease, autoimmune thyroiditis, untreated HIV infection and chronic graft-versus-host disease. The aim of this study was to review the existing data on hyposplenism associated with celiac disease and Hashimoto's autoimmune thyroiditis. Our research was based on a clinical case concerning a 41-year-old female who presented with asthenia, fatigue, dyspepsia and chronic diarrhea. ⋯ The intestinal symptomatology of celiac disease is often hid by hypothyroidism-associated autoimmune thyroiditis. Asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic celiac disease associated with Hashimoto's autoimmune thyroiditis is diagnosed by biomarkers. Hyposplenism in celiac disease can occur regardless of the disease stage, latent or symptomatic.
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Review Case Reports
IgA Nephropathy Concomitant With Karyomegalic Interstitial Nephritis.
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy is one of the most common glomerulonephritis characterized by the deposition of IgA in glomerular mesangium. Karyomegalic interstitial nephritis (KIN) is a rare interstitial nephritis with potential hereditary factors. IgA nephropathy concomitant with KIN has not yet been reported. ⋯ Molecular genetic testing detected an abnormality in FAN1 gene. The heterozygous mutation was present on chromosome 15q13.3. However, IgA nephropathy with KIN is a rare disorder, and its pathogenesis is yet to be clarified.