The American journal of the medical sciences
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Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a rare hematologic syndrome, characterized by an isolated normocytic anemia with severe reticulocytopenia, and defined by absence or near absence of erythroid precursors in the bone marrow. First described in 1922, PRCA may be a primary autoimmune or clonal myeloid or lymphoid disorder, but may also be secondary to other disorders of immune dysregulation/autoimmunity, to infections, to neoplasms, or to drugs. Insights from the study of PRCA have helped illuminate the understanding of the regulation of erythropoiesis. This review summarizes the classification, diagnostic, and therapeutic approach to PRCA as it begins its second century, with a particular focus on opportunities and challenges provided by new developments in the role of T-cells and T-cell regulatory mutations; the role of clonal hematopoiesis; and new developments in therapy for refractory PRCA and PRCA associated with ABO incompatible stem cell transplantation.
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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was a public health crisis affecting medical, social, and psychological wellness. In a previous study, we reported a rise in alcohol-related hepatitis (ARH) cases between 2019 and 2020 in the central valley of California. Our goal in the current study was to assess the impact of COVID-19 on ARH at a national level. ⋯ A sharp rise in the cases of ARH between 2019 and 2020 was noted, which aligned with the COVID-19 pandemic. Not only did total hospitalization increase, but an increase in mortality was also noted, reflecting higher severity in the patients admitted during the COVID-19 pandemic.