Seminars in pediatric surgery
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Pediatric surgical patients can present with a number of challenging common respiratory problems. This article reviews potential perioperative implications and anesthetic management of asthma, upper respiratory tract infections, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and the effects of passive environmental smoke on children presenting for surgery.
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At least 60% of all pediatric surgical procedures are performed as outpatients. Successful outpatient practice requires that both the patients and the procedures are appropriate for outpatient management. ⋯ Anesthesia must be managed with attention to the unique physiologic and psychological challenges of children. Anesthetic management of postoperative nausea and vomiting and provision of adequate postoperative analgesia, including regional techniques, are important elements of the care plan.