European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society
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To assess the effect of upright, seated, and supine postures on lumbar muscle morphometry at multiple spinal levels and for multiple muscles. ⋯ Changes in multifidus/erector spinae muscle CSA likely represent muscles stretching between upright and seated/flexed postures. For the psoas major, the differential level effect suggests that changing three-dimensional muscle morphometry with flexion is not uniform along the muscle length. The muscle and spinal level-dependent effects of posture and spinal curvature correlation, including muscle CSA and position, highlight considering measured muscle morphometry from different postures in spine models.
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Distal thoracic kyphosis (DTK) equivalent to proximal lumbar lordosis (PLL) is the sum of pelvic tilt (PT) and the difference (Δ) between lumbar lordosis (LL) and pelvic incidence (PI): PLL = DTK = PT + Δ. With the assumption that proximal thoracic kyphosis (PTK) is similar to DTK, we propose the equation TK = 2(PT + LL - PI) to express the relationship between thoracic kyphosis (TK) and pelvic parameters. The objective of this work is to verify this relationship in a normal population. ⋯ This work validates the formula TK = 2(PT + LL - PI) which allows the calculation of global TK as a function of PT, LL and PI. This calculated TK can be used as a target for sagittal correction of adolescents with spine deformities. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
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To determine whether there is an association between preoperative 10-Item Patient Activation Measure (PAM-10) scores and clinical outcomes following MIS LD. ⋯ Lower preoperative PAM scores were associated with worse improvement in clinical outcomes following MIS LD. Patients with lower PAM scores had diminished improvement in long-term patient-reported outcomes including ODI, SF-12, and VAS back and leg pain. Our investigation suggests that preoperative PAM assessments may be an effective tool to predict postoperative outcomes following MIS LD.
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To identify age-related changes and the relationship between upper and lower cervical sagittal alignment and the range of motion (ROM). ⋯ The O-C2 angle gradually decreased and the C2-7 angle increased with age. The ROM of the O-C2 angle did not change, but the ROM of the C2-7 angle decreased with age. The upper and lower cervical spine showed different age-related changes.
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Analysis of interactions of spinal alignment metrics may uncover novel alignment parameters, similar to PI-LL. This study utilized a data-driven approach to hypothesis generation by testing all possible division interactions between spinal alignment parameters. ⋯ III.