European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society
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Ossification of the spinal ligament (OSL) is a disease characterized by progressive ectopic ossification or calcification in the tissues of spinal ligament. The molecular pathogenesis of OSL has not been clearly elucidated. Recently, ncRNAs was found to functionally participate in OSL development. This review summarized current knowledge regarding the deregulation and function of ncRNAs in OSL METHODS: Relevant studies on deregulation and function of ncRNAs in OSL were retrieved from the PubMed databases. Then, studies were manually selected for inclusion based on predefined criteria. ⋯ Diagnostic: individual cross-sectional studies with the consistently applied reference standard and blinding.
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To identify and critically appraise studies evaluating psychometric properties of functionally oriented diagnostic classification systems for Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain (NS-CLBP). ⋯ Multiple low risk of bias studies demonstrate strong inter-rater reliability for OCS classification specifically OCS-MCI subcategory. Future studies with low risk of bias are needed to evaluate reliability and validity of the MCI test battery and the PBA.
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Recent animal studies have discovered dysregulation of local inflammatory activity as a novel mechanism to explain fat and connective tissue accumulation in the multifidus muscle in association with intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration/injury. This study aimed to test whether similar mechanisms are active in humans by investigation of whether expression of inflammatory genes in the multifidus muscle differed between individuals with low and high levels of intra-muscular fat in the muscle. The secondary aims were to compare inflammatory gene expression in the intra-muscular, subcutaneous and epidural fat between groups. ⋯ The results support the hypothesis that IVD degeneration is associated with dysregulation of the inflammatory state of the local multifidus muscle, which provides initial evidence for translation of some, but not all, observations from recent animal studies to humans. Discovery of inflammatory dysregulation in epidural adipose tissue has potential for broad impact on tissue health and LBP symptoms.
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To identify low back pain (LBP) trajectories from early adolescence through to early adulthood and to investigate whether sustained levels of elevated subclinical C-reactive protein (CRP) are linked with these LBP trajectories. ⋯ Diagnostic: individual cross-sectional studies with the consistently applied reference standard and blinding.