European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society
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To present the clinical features and treatment strategy of degenerative atlantoaxial subluxation (DAAS). ⋯ DAAS differs from other types of AAS and presents with anterior subluxation combined with vertical subluxation arising from degenerative changes in the atlantoaxial joints. We recommend anatomic reduction as an optimal strategy for DAAS.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate autophagy in an extruded disc and to compare this activity with the activity in the remaining disc after lumbar disc herniation in the same patient. ⋯ The autophagic pathway was more active in extruded disc material than in remaining disc material within the same patient. This may explain spontaneous resorption of the extruded disc after LDH.